根据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》二级要求,结合闽教版小学英语(三年级起点)全部八册教材,以下按知识模块梳理小升初总复习知识点清单,方便系统查漏补缺。
一、语音¶
| 知识要点 | 具体内容 | 例词 / 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| 26个字母 | 字母名、字母音、书写笔顺 | Aa—Zz |
| 元音字母发音 | a, e, i, o, u 在开音节、闭音节中的发音 | cake/hat, he/pen, bike/big, nose/dog, use/cup |
| 常见字母组合 | ea, ee, oo, ou, ow, ir, ur, er, or, ar, sh, ch, tch, ck, th, wh 等 | eat/bread, book/moon, house, how, bird, nurse, teacher, short, car, ship, chair, watch, back, this, what |
| 音节与重音 | 识别单音节、双音节、多音节词;单词重音 | 如 geography, science 等 |
| 连读与语调 | 基本连读现象;陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句的语调 | I‿like it. (↘) Can you? (↗) Where? (↘) |
| 自然拼读 | 能运用拼读规则独立拼读符合规则的单词 | 见词能读,听音能写 |
二、词汇(按话题分类核心词)¶
| 话题分类 | 六年级毕业需掌握的核心词汇(抽样) |
|---|---|
| 数字 | one, two, three … twenty, thirty … hundred; first, second, third |
| 颜色 | red, blue, green, yellow, black, white, pink, purple, orange |
| 身体 | head, eye, ear, nose, mouth, hand, arm, leg, foot |
| 家庭 | father, mother, brother, sister, grandma, grandpa, uncle, aunt, cousin |
| 学校 | classroom, library, playground, desk, chair, book, pen, Chinese, math, English, PE, music, art, physics, chemistry, history |
| 食物 | rice, noodles, cake, bread, egg, milk, juice, apple, banana, chicken, fish, vegetable |
| 动物 | dog, cat, bird, fish, tiger, monkey, panda, elephant, horse, rabbit |
| 职业 | teacher, doctor, nurse, farmer, worker, driver, singer, dancer, policeman, scientist, pilot, astronaut |
| 时间 | morning, afternoon, evening, night; Monday… Sunday; January… December; today, tomorrow, yesterday |
| 天气 | sunny, rainy, cloudy, windy, hot, cold, cool, warm |
| 节日 | New Year, Spring Festival, Mother’s Day, Thanksgiving, Christmas |
| 动作 | run, jump, swim, sing, dance, eat, drink, read, write, play, visit, travel, take, make, help, hurt, feel |
| 方位介词 | in, on, under, behind, beside, between, next to, in front of |
| 形容词 | big, small, tall, short, long, new, old, happy, sad, worried, beautiful, hard-working, better, best |
以上仅为部分抽样,总词汇量需达到600词左右。
三、语法¶
1. 词法¶
| 词类 | 知识要点 |
|---|---|
| 名词 | 可数名词单复数(规则/不规则变化:child—children, man—men, foot—feet);不可数名词(water, milk, rice);名词所有格(’s / of) |
| 冠词 | 不定冠词 a/an 的区别;定冠词 the 的基本用法(特指、乐器前、序数词前等) |
| 代词 | 人称代词(主格/宾格)、物主代词(形容词性/名词性)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)、疑问代词(what, who, which, whose) |
| 数词 | 基数词、序数词及常见表达(日期、年龄、价格) |
| 介词 | 时间介词(at, in, on),方位介词,方式介词(by bus) |
| 形容词 | 比较级和最高级的规则变化(-er, -est)与常用不规则变化(good—better—best, bad—worse—worst);形容词顺序(如 a beautiful new dress) |
| 副词 | 常见频度副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, never)、方式副词(slowly, happily) |
| 动词 | 系动词 be(am/is/are, was/were);助动词 do/does/did;情态动词 can, must, may, will, should;实义动词时态变化 |
2. 四大时态(重中之重)¶
| 时态 | 概念 | 结构 | 标志词 | 动词变化 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 一般现在时 | 经常性动作、状态、事实 | 主+动原/动三单 | always, usually, every day | 一般加-s,以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾加-es,辅音+y改i加-es |
| 现在进行时 | 此刻正在发生的动作 | 主+am/is/are+现在分词 | now, look, listen | 一般加-ing;去e加-ing;双写加-ing(run—running) |
| 一般将来时 | 将来的动作或状态 | 主+will+动原 / be going to+动原 | tomorrow, next week, in the future | 动词用原形 |
| 一般过去时 | 过去发生的动作或状态 | 主+动词过去式 | yesterday, last year, in 2020, ago | 规则变化(-ed)+ 不规则变化(go—went, see—saw, take—took, have—had, do—did, make—made, sing—sang, come—came, eat—ate, buy—bought, get—got 等) |
3. 句型¶
| 句型分类 | 内容 |
|---|---|
| There be 句型 | There is/are… 表示某处存在某物。就近原则,否定句加 not,疑问句 be 提前。 |
| have / has got | 表示拥有,否定/疑问用 do/does 或 have/has 提前。 |
| like 句型 | like + 名词/代词/动名词 (like swimming),表达爱好。 |
| can 句型 | can + 动词原形,表达能力、请求。 |
| want to be | want to be + 职业,表达未来愿望。 |
| 询问与建议 | What’s wrong? / Let’s… / Why not…? / How about…? |
| 四类疑问句 | 一般疑问句 (Did you…?),特殊疑问句 (Where, What, When, Who, Why, How),选择疑问句,反意疑问句(仅作理解,不要求掌握) |
| 祈使句 | 肯定祈使 (Sit down.),否定祈使 (Don’t run.),Let 祈使 (Let’s go.) |
| 感叹句 | What a nice day! / How beautiful! (初步感知) |
四、功能与话题(交际用语)¶
| 功能 | 核心句型 |
|---|---|
| 问候与告别 | Hello! / Good morning. / How are you? / Goodbye. / See you. |
| 介绍 | This is… / I’m… / My name is… |
| 感谢与道歉 | Thank you. / You’re welcome. / Sorry. / That’s OK. |
| 请求与建议 | May I…? / Please… / Let’s… / How about…? |
| 邀请与约会 | Would you like…? / Let’s go to… / What time? |
| 询问与描述 | What’s this/that? / What colour? / How many? / What does he do? / What’s wrong? / I have a headache. |
| 购物 | Can I help you? / How much is it? / I’ll take it. |
| 问路 | Where is the…? / How can I get to…? / Go straight. / Turn left. |
| 打电话 | Hello. This is… speaking. / Who’s that? |
| 谈论天气 | What’s the weather like? / It’s sunny. |
| 谈论爱好 | I like… / He likes… |
| 谈论过去 | Where did you go? / I visited… / Did you have a good time? |
| 表达计划 | What will you do? / I will… / I’m going to… |
| 表达理想 | What will you be? / I want to be a scientist. |
| 告别祝福 | Best wishes! / I will miss you. / Good luck! |
五、阅读与写作¶
阅读¶
- 能读懂120词左右的配图短文、故事、信件、日记、简单科普文。
- 掌握扫读(找关键信息)、略读(抓大意)、猜词(联系上下文或图片)、推断等策略。
写作(常考主题)¶
- 描写人物:My Friend / My Family(姓名、年龄、外貌、职业、爱好)
- 叙事经历:My Winter Holiday / A Happy Day(过去时,时间、地点、活动、感受)
- 计划安排:My Summer Holiday Plan / Mother’s Day Plan(将来时,时间、活动)
- 理想与职业:My Dream Job(职业、原因、怎么做)
- 简单应用文:告别信、邀请卡、留言条等。
六、文化常识(闽教版常考)¶
- 中国节日:Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival
- 西方节日:Thanksgiving, Christmas, Easter, Mother’s Day, April Fool’s Day
- 标志性事物:Big Ben, the Great Wall, Sun Moon Lake
- 交通规则:靠右行驶(中国)与靠左行驶(英国等)
- 中西礼仪:称呼、接受礼物时的回应、餐桌礼仪等
复习建议:可按照“词汇—词法—四大时态—重点句型—写作模板”的顺序进行专项突破,最后用闽教版六年级上下册的期末综合练习进行模拟自测。