20260726 203248 初中英语八年级下册学习手册

初中英语 · 八年级下册学习手册 ¶

本手册依据《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》编写，基于人教版（Go for it!）八年级下册教材，涵盖 Units 1–10 全部内容。八年级下学期是中考前的关键积累阶段，本手册系统梳理词汇、语法、课文、阅读与写作，助力同学们夯实基础、冲刺中考。

一、考纲要求与学习目标 ¶

1.1 学段定位 ¶

八年级下学期是初中英语学习的分水岭与攻坚期。本学期涉及大量中考高频语法（情态动词、过去进行时、现在完成时、连词用法等），词汇量大幅增长，阅读语篇长度和难度显著提升。根据2022版课标要求，学生在八年级结束时应达到三级标准（即中考基本要求水平），为九年级总复习奠定坚实基础。

1.2 核心素养目标 ¶

维度	具体目标
语言能力	掌握约350个新增词汇及核心短语；能运用情态动词should/could、过去进行时、现在完成时等语法结构进行听、说、读、写活动；能读懂150–250词的语篇并完成理解任务
文化意识	了解中西方在健康观念、志愿精神、家庭责任、人际沟通等方面的文化差异；通过童话故事和文学名著感受中外文化魅力
思维品质	能就健康问题提出合理建议，能分析人际矛盾并提出解决方案，能比较地理数据并作出判断，培养逻辑思维与批判性思维
学习能力	能借助词典和语境猜测词义，能运用略读、寻读等阅读策略，能自主整理语法笔记和错题本，养成定期复习习惯

1.3 八下重点语法概览 ¶

本学期语法是中考考查的重中之重，请务必掌握以下语法点：

情态动词 should / shouldn't — 表建议（Unit 1）
动词不定式 — 作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语（Unit 2）
could 表请求与许可 — 礼貌地提出请求（Unit 3）
Why don't you...? 表建议 — 提出建议的多种句型（Unit 4）
过去进行时 — was/were + doing（Unit 5）
连词 unless / as soon as / so...that — 引导状语从句（Unit 6）
大数字表达与比较等级 — 形容词/副词比较级和最高级（Unit 7）
现在完成时（一） — have/has + 过去分词，搭配 already / yet（Unit 8）
现在完成时（二） — have been to / have gone to / have been in（Unit 9）
现在完成时（三） — 搭配 for / since 时间状语（Unit 10）

⚠️ 特别提示：现在完成时贯穿 Unit 8–10 三个单元，是本学期也是中考的头号语法重点。请同学们在学习时注意三个单元之间的递进关系，循序渐进地掌握。

二、必会单词（按单元分类）¶

Unit 1 What’s the matter?¶

单词	音标	释义
`matter`	/ˈmætə(r)/	n. 问题；事情
`sore`	/sɔː(r)/	adj. 疼痛的
`stomachache`	/ˈstʌməkeɪk/	n. 胃痛；腹痛
`toothache`	/ˈtuːθeɪk/	n. 牙痛
`headache`	/ˈhedeɪk/	n. 头痛
`fever`	/ˈfiːvə(r)/	n. 发烧
`cough`	/kɒf/	n. & v. 咳嗽
`tooth`	/tuːθ/	n. 牙齿
`temperature`	/ˈtemprətʃə(r)/	n. 温度；体温
`break`	/breɪk/	n. 休息 v. 打破
`hurt`	/hɜːt/	v. （使）疼痛；受伤
`passenger`	/ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/	n. 乘客；旅客
`trouble`	/ˈtrʌbl/	n. 困难；麻烦
`hit`	/hɪt/	v. 击；打
`ourselves`	/ˌaʊəˈselvz/	pron. 我们自己
`climber`	/ˈklaɪmə(r)/	n. 登山者
`risk`	/rɪsk/	n. 风险；危险
`situation`	/ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/	n. 情况；状况
`knife`	/naɪf/	n. 刀
`blood`	/blʌd/	n. 血
`mean`	/miːn/	v. 意思是；意欲
`importance`	/ɪmˈpɔːtns/	n. 重要性
`decision`	/dɪˈsɪʒn/	n. 决定；抉择
`control`	/kənˈtrəʊl/	n. & v. 控制；管理
`spirit`	/ˈspɪrɪt/	n. 精神；勇气
`death`	/deθ/	n. 死；死亡
`nurse`	/nɜːs/	n. 护士

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.¶

单词	音标	释义
`cheer`	/tʃɪə(r)/	v. 欢呼；喝彩
`volunteer`	/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/	n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做
`sign`	/saɪn/	n. 标志；信号
`notice`	/ˈnəʊtɪs/	n. 通知 v. 注意到
`lonely`	/ˈləʊnli/	adj. 孤独的
`alone`	/əˈləʊn/	adv. 独自
`care`	/keə(r)/	v. 关心 n. 照顾
`several`	/ˈsevrəl/	pron. 几个；数个
`strong`	/strɒŋ/	adj. 强壮的；强烈的
`feeling`	/ˈfiːlɪŋ/	n. 感觉；感触
`satisfaction`	/ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/	n. 满足；满意
`joy`	/dʒɔɪ/	n. 高兴；愉快
`owner`	/ˈəʊnə(r)/	n. 主人
`journey`	/ˈdʒɜːni/	n. 旅行；旅程
`raise`	/reɪz/	v. 募集；举起
`repair`	/rɪˈpeə(r)/	v. 修理；修补
`fix`	/fɪks/	v. 修理；安装
`give away`	/ɡɪv əˈweɪ/	赠送；捐赠
`wheel`	/wiːl/	n. 车轮；轮子
`disabled`	/dɪsˈeɪbld/	adj. 丧失能力的；残疾的
`blind`	/blaɪnd/	adj. 瞎的；失明的
`deaf`	/def/	adj. 聋的
`imagine`	/ɪˈmædʒɪn/	v. 想象
`difficulty`	/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/	n. 困难；难题
`understand`	/ˌʌndəˈstænd/	v. 理解；懂

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?¶

单词	音标	释义
`rubbish`	/ˈrʌbɪʃ/	n. 垃圾；废弃物
`fold`	/fəʊld/	v. 折叠
`sweep`	/swiːp/	v. 扫；打扫
`floor`	/flɔː(r)/	n. 地板
`mess`	/mes/	n. 杂乱；不整洁
`throw`	/θrəʊ/	v. 扔；掷
`neither`	/ˈnaɪðə(r)/	adv. 也不
`shirt`	/ʃɜːt/	n. 衬衫
`pass`	/pɑːs/	v. 给；递；走过
`borrow`	/ˈbɒrəʊ/	v. 借
`lend`	/lend/	v. 借给；借出
`finger`	/ˈfɪŋɡə(r)/	n. 手指
`hate`	/heɪt/	v. 厌恶；讨厌
`chore`	/tʃɔː(r)/	n. 杂务；家务
`while`	/waɪl/	conj. 与……同时
`snack`	/snæk/	n. 小吃；点心
`stress`	/stres/	n. 精神压力；紧张
`waste`	/weɪst/	n. 浪费 v. 浪费
`provide`	/prəˈvaɪd/	v. 提供
`anyway`	/ˈeniweɪ/	adv. 无论如何
`depend`	/dɪˈpend/	v. 依靠；依赖
`develop`	/dɪˈveləp/	v. 发展；培育
`fairness`	/ˈfeənəs/	n. 公正性；合理性
`since`	/sɪns/	conj. 因为；既然
`neighbor`	/ˈneɪbə(r)/	n. 邻居
`ill`	/ɪl/	adj. 有病；不舒服
`drop`	/drɒp/	v. 落下；掉下

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?¶

单词	音标	释义
`allow`	/əˈlaʊ/	v. 允许
`wrong`	/rɒŋ/	adj. 错误的
`guess`	/ɡes/	v. 猜测；估计
`deal`	/diːl/	n. 协议 v. 处理
`relation`	/rɪˈleɪʃn/	n. 关系；联系
`communication`	/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/	n. 交流；沟通
`argue`	/ˈɑːɡjuː/	v. 争吵；争论
`cloud`	/klaʊd/	n. 云
`elder`	/ˈeldə(r)/	adj. 年长的
`instead`	/ɪnˈsted/	adv. 代替
`whatever`	/wɒtˈevə(r)/	pron. 任何
`nervous`	/ˈnɜːvəs/	adj. 焦虑的
`offer`	/ˈɒfə(r)/	v. 主动提出；给予
`proper`	/ˈprɒpə(r)/	adj. 正确的
`secondly`	/ˈsekəndli/	adv. 第二
`explain`	/ɪkˈspleɪn/	v. 解释
`clear`	/klɪə(r)/	adj. 清楚的
`copy`	/ˈkɒpi/	v. 复制
`return`	/rɪˈtɜːn/	v. 归还
`anymore`	/ˌeniˈmɔː/	adv. 再也（不）
`member`	/ˈmembə(r)/	n. 成员
`pressure`	/ˈpreʃə(r)/	n. 压力
`compete`	/kəmˈpiːt/	v. 竞争
`opinion`	/əˈpɪnjən/	n. 意见
`skill`	/skɪl/	n. 技能
`typical`	/ˈtɪpɪkl/	adj. 典型的
`continue`	/kənˈtɪnjuː/	v. 持续

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?¶

单词	音标	释义
`rainstorm`	/ˈreɪnstɔːm/	n. 暴风雨
`alarm`	/əˈlɑːm/	n. 闹钟
`begin`	/bɪˈɡɪn/	v. 开始
`heavily`	/ˈhevɪli/	adv. 大量地
`suddenly`	/ˈsʌdənli/	adv. 突然
`strange`	/streɪndʒ/	adj. 奇怪的
`wind`	/wɪnd/	n. 风
`light`	/laɪt/	n. 光 v. 点燃
`report`	/rɪˈpɔːt/	n. & v. 报道
`area`	/ˈeəriə/	n. 地区
`wood`	/wʊd/	n. 木头
`window`	/ˈwɪndəʊ/	n. 窗户
`flashlight`	/ˈflæʃlaɪt/	n. 手电筒
`match`	/mætʃ/	n. 火柴
`beat`	/biːt/	v. 敲打
`against`	/əˈɡenst/	prep. 碰；撞
`asleep`	/əˈsliːp/	adj. 睡着的
`fall asleep`	/fɔːl əˈsliːp/	入睡
`realize`	/ˈrɪəlaɪz/	v. 认识到
`ice`	/aɪs/	n. 冰
`kid`	/kɪd/	v. 开玩笑
`passage`	/ˈpæsɪdʒ/	n. 文章
`pupil`	/ˈpjuːpl/	n. 学生
`complete`	/kəmˈpliːt/	adj. 完全的
`shocked`	/ʃɒkt/	adj. 震惊的
`silence`	/ˈsaɪləns/	n. 沉默
`recently`	/ˈriːsntli/	adv. 不久前
`truth`	/truːθ/	n. 事实；真相

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.¶

单词	音标	释义
`shoot`	/ʃuːt/	v. 射击
`stone`	/stəʊn/	n. 石头
`weak`	/wiːk/	adj. 虚弱的
`god`	/ɡɒd/	n. 神
`remind`	/rɪˈmaɪnd/	v. 提醒
`bit`	/bɪt/	n. 一小块
`silly`	/ˈsɪli/	adj. 愚蠢的
`magic`	/ˈmædʒɪk/	adj. 有魔力的
`stick`	/stɪk/	n. 棍
`hide`	/haɪd/	v. 隐藏
`tail`	/teɪl/	n. 尾巴
`object`	/ˈɒbdʒɪkt/	n. 物体
`excite`	/ɪkˈsaɪt/	v. 使激动
`stepmother`	/ˈstepmʌðə(r)/	n. 继母
`wife`	/waɪf/	n. 妻子
`husband`	/ˈhʌzbənd/	n. 丈夫
`whole`	/həʊl/	adj. 全部的
`shine`	/ʃaɪn/	v. 发光
`ground`	/ɡraʊnd/	n. 地面
`lead`	/liːd/	v. 带路
`voice`	/vɔɪs/	n. 声音
`brave`	/breɪv/	adj. 勇敢的
`prince`	/prɪns/	n. 王子
`princess`	/ˌprɪnˈses/	n. 公主
`fit`	/fɪt/	v. 合适
`couple`	/ˈkʌpl/	n. 夫妇
`smile`	/smaɪl/	v. & n. 微笑
`marry`	/ˈmæri/	v. 结婚

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?¶

单词	音标	释义
`square`	/skweə(r)/	n. 平方
`meter`	/ˈmiːtə(r)/	n. 米
`deep`	/diːp/	adj. 深的
`desert`	/ˈdezət/	n. 沙漠
`population`	/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/	n. 人口
`Asia`	/ˈeɪʒə/	n. 亚洲
`tour`	/tʊə(r)/	n. 旅行
`tourist`	/ˈtʊərɪst/	n. 旅行者
`wall`	/wɔːl/	n. 墙
`ancient`	/ˈeɪnʃənt/	adj. 古代的
`protect`	/prəˈtekt/	v. 保护
`wild`	/waɪld/	adj. 野生的
`achievement`	/əˈtʃiːvmənt/	n. 成就
`thick`	/θɪk/	adj. 厚的
`include`	/ɪnˈkluːd/	v. 包含
`freezing`	/ˈfriːzɪŋ/	adj. 极冷的
`condition`	/kənˈdɪʃn/	n. 条件
`nature`	/ˈneɪtʃə(r)/	n. 自然
`ocean`	/ˈəʊʃn/	n. 海洋
`weigh`	/weɪ/	v. 称重
`birth`	/bɜːθ/	n. 出生
`adult`	/ˈædʌlt/	n. 成年动物/人
`bamboo`	/ˌbæmˈbuː/	n. 竹子
`research`	/rɪˈsɜːtʃ/	n. & v. 研究
`keeper`	/ˈkiːpə(r)/	n. 饲养员
`awake`	/əˈweɪk/	adj. 醒着的
`excitement`	/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/	n. 激动
`illness`	/ˈɪlnəs/	n. 疾病

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?¶

单词	音标	释义
`treasure`	/ˈtreʒə(r)/	n. 宝藏
`island`	/ˈaɪlənd/	n. 岛屿
`classic`	/ˈklæsɪk/	n. 经典作品
`page`	/peɪdʒ/	n. 页
`hurry`	/ˈhʌri/	n. & v. 匆忙
`due`	/djuː/	adj. 预期的
`ship`	/ʃɪp/	n. 船
`tool`	/tuːl/	n. 工具
`gun`	/ɡʌn/	n. 枪
`mark`	/mɑːk/	n. 标记 v. 做标记
`sand`	/sænd/	n. 沙子
`towards`	/təˈwɔːdz/	prep. 朝
`land`	/lænd/	n. 陆地 v. 登陆
`fiction`	/ˈfɪkʃn/	n. 小说
`technology`	/tekˈnɒlədʒi/	n. 科技
`French`	/frentʃ/	adj. 法语的 n. 法语
`pop`	/pɒp/	n. 流行音乐
`rock`	/rɒk/	n. 摇滚乐
`band`	/bænd/	n. 乐队
`abroad`	/əˈbrɔːd/	adv. 在国外
`actual`	/ˈæktʃuəl/	adj. 真实的
`success`	/səkˈses/	n. 成功
`belong`	/bɪˈlɒŋ/	v. 属于
`million`	/ˈmɪljən/	num. 百万
`record`	/ˈrekɔːd/	n. 唱片 v. 录制
`introduce`	/ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/	v. 介绍
`line`	/laɪn/	n. 行；线

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?¶

单词	音标	释义
`amusement`	/əˈmjuːzmənt/	n. 娱乐
`somewhere`	/ˈsʌmweə(r)/	adv. 某处
`invent`	/ɪnˈvent/	v. 发明
`unbelievable`	/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/	adj. 难以置信的
`progress`	/ˈprəʊɡres/	n. & v. 进步
`rapid`	/ˈræpɪd/	adj. 迅速的
`unusual`	/ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/	adj. 不寻常的
`toilet`	/ˈtɔɪlət/	n. 厕所
`encourage`	/ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/	v. 鼓励
`social`	/ˈsəʊʃl/	adj. 社会的
`peaceful`	/ˈpiːsfl/	adj. 和平的
`perfect`	/ˈpɜːfɪkt/	adj. 完美的
`itself`	/ɪtˈself/	pron. 它自己
`collect`	/kəˈlekt/	v. 收集
`German`	/ˈdʒɜːmən/	adj. 德国的 n. 德国人
`theme`	/θiːm/	n. 主题
`province`	/ˈprɒvɪns/	n. 省份
`thousand`	/ˈθaʊznd/	num. 千
`fear`	/fɪə(r)/	n. & v. 害怕
`whether`	/ˈweðə(r)/	conj. 是否
`simply`	/ˈsɪmpli/	adv. 仅仅
`mostly`	/ˈməʊstli/	adv. 主要地
`Indian`	/ˈɪndiən/	adj. 印度的
`Japanese`	/ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/	adj. 日本的
`fox`	/fɒks/	n. 狐狸
`equator`	/ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/	n. 赤道
`spring`	/sprɪŋ/	n. 春天
`location`	/ləʊˈkeɪʃn/	n. 位置

Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.¶

单词	音标	释义
`yard`	/jɑːd/	n. 院子
`sweet`	/swiːt/	adj. 甜的
`memory`	/ˈmeməri/	n. 记忆
`soft`	/sɒft/	adj. 柔软的
`board`	/bɔːd/	n. 板
`truthful`	/ˈtruːθfl/	adj. 诚实的
`check`	/tʃek/	v. 检查
`junior`	/ˈdʒuːniə(r)/	adj. 初级的
`clear`	/klɪə(r)/	v. 清理
`bedroom`	/ˈbedruːm/	n. 卧室
`own`	/əʊn/	v. 拥有 adj. 自己的
`railway`	/ˈreɪlweɪ/	n. 铁路
`part`	/pɑːt/	v. 离开 n. 部分
`honest`	/ˈɒnɪst/	adj. 诚实的
`while`	/waɪl/	n. 一会儿
`shame`	/ʃeɪm/	n. 羞耻；遗憾
`regard`	/rɪˈɡɑːd/	v. 将……认为
`count`	/kaʊnt/	v. 数数
`century`	/ˈsentʃəri/	n. 世纪
`especially`	/ɪˈspeʃəli/	adv. 尤其是
`childhood`	/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/	n. 童年
`consider`	/kənˈsɪdə(r)/	v. 考虑
`hold`	/həʊld/	v. 拥有；抓住
`search`	/sɜːtʃ/	v. & n. 搜索
`among`	/əˈmʌŋ/	prep. 在……之中
`crayon`	/ˈkreɪən/	n. 蜡笔
`opposite`	/ˈɒpəzɪt/	prep. 在……对面

重点短语：
1. have a cold — 感冒
2. have a fever — 发烧
3. have a stomachache — 胃痛
4. have a sore throat — 喉咙痛
5. lie down — 躺下
6. take one's temperature — 量体温
7. take breaks — 休息
8. to one's surprise — 令某人惊讶的是
9. agree to do sth. — 同意做某事
10. get out of — 离开；从……出来
11. be in control of — 掌管；管理
12. give up — 放弃

必会句型：
1. What's the matter with you? — 你怎么了？
2. I have a sore throat and a headache. — 我喉咙痛，还头痛。
3. You should drink some hot tea with honey. — 你应该喝些加蜂蜜的热茶。
4. You shouldn't eat so much next time. — 你下次不该吃这么多。
5. Do you have a fever? — 你发烧了吗？
6. He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. — 他期望大多数或全部乘客下车等下一班公交车。
7. This means being in a difficult situation. — 这意味着处于一个困难的处境中。
8. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. — 阿伦·罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.¶

重点短语：
1. clean up — 打扫干净
2. cheer up — 使高兴起来
3. give out — 分发
4. come up with — 想出；提出
5. put off — 推迟
6. call up — 打电话给
7. help out with — 帮助解决
8. care for — 照顾
9. volunteer to do sth. — 自愿做某事
10. try out for — 参加选拔
11. fix up — 修理
12. give away — 捐赠

必会句型：
1. I'd like to help homeless people. — 我想帮助无家可归的人。
2. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids. — 你可以请医院让你去探望孩子们。
3. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. — 在这里做志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。
4. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better. — 当我看到动物们好转时，我获得了如此强烈的满足感。
5. She could read by herself at the age of four. — 她四岁时就能自己阅读了。
6. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. — 去年，她决定参加一个课后阅读志愿者项目的选拔。
7. I want to travel alone. — 我想独自旅行。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?¶

重点短语：
1. take out the rubbish — 倒垃圾
2. fold the clothes — 叠衣服
3. sweep the floor — 扫地
4. do the dishes — 洗碗
5. make one's bed — 整理床铺
6. borrow sth. from sb. — 向某人借某物
7. lend sth. to sb. — 把某物借给某人
8. hate to do sth. — 讨厌做某事
9. in order to — 为了
10. depend on — 依靠；取决于
11. take care of — 照顾
12. as a result — 结果

必会句型：
1. Could you please clean your room? — 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？
2. Could I use your computer? — 我能用一下你的电脑吗？
3. She asked in surprise. — 她惊讶地问。
4. I'm just as tired as you are! — 我和你一样累！
5. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. — 我一坐到电视机前，妈妈就走过来了。
6. I will not do the housework and neither will I do your homework. — 我不会做家务，也不会帮你做作业。
7. It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment. — 为孩子们提供干净舒适的环境是父母的责任。
8. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. — 既然他们和父母住在同一个屋子里，他们就应该知道，每个人都有责任保持屋子的整洁。

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?¶

重点短语：
1. allow sb. to do sth. — 允许某人做某事
2. look through — 浏览
3. work out — 解决；算出
4. get on with — 与……和睦相处
5. argue with sb. — 与某人争吵
6. offer to do sth. — 主动提出做某事
7. proper communication — 适当的沟通
8. compete with — 与……竞争
9. cut out — 删除
10. compare...with... — 把……与……比较
11. in one's opinion — 在某人看来
12. turn down — 调低；拒绝

必会句型：
1. Why don't you talk to your parents? — 你为什么不和你父母谈谈呢？
2. My problem is that I can't get on with my family. — 我的问题是我无法和家人和睦相处。
3. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. — 相反，他想看什么就看什么，一直看到深夜。
4. You should explain that you don't mind him watching TV. — 你应该解释你不介意他看电视。
5. Maybe I could do more jobs so that they have more time for proper communication. — 也许我可以多干些活，这样他们就有更多时间进行适当的沟通了。
6. Although it's normal to want successful children, it's even more important to have happy children. — 虽然想要成功的孩子很正常，但拥有快乐的孩子更重要。
7. People shouldn't push their kids so hard. — 人们不应该把孩子逼得太紧。

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?¶

重点短语：
1. go off — （闹钟）发出响声
2. pick up — 接电话；捡起
3. fall asleep — 入睡
4. die down — 逐渐平息
5. make sure — 确保
6. wake up — 醒来
7. in a mess — 一片狼藉
8. break...apart — 把……拆开
9. in silence — 默默地
10. take down — 拆除
11. have a look — 看一看
12. at first — 起初

必会句型：
1. What were you doing when the rainstorm came? — 暴风雨来临时你在做什么？
2. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily. — 开始下大雨时我正在等公共汽车。
3. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. — 我是如此害怕，以至于之后几乎无法清晰思考。
4. While the children were playing happily, their mother was cooking dinner. — 孩子们开心玩耍时，他们的妈妈在做饭。
5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. — 外面没有光，感觉就像午夜一样。
6. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area. — 电视上的新闻报告说该地区有大暴雨。
7. When he woke up, the sun was rising. — 当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。
8. I had trouble thinking clearly after that. — 之后我很难清晰地思考。

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.¶

重点短语：
1. work on doing sth. — 致力于做某事
2. as soon as — 一……就
3. once upon a time — 从前
4. fall in love with — 爱上
5. get married — 结婚
6. be born — 出生
7. turn...into... — 把……变成……
8. come out — 出版；出来
9. become interested in — 对……感兴趣
10. remind sb. of sth. — 使某人想起某事
11. give birth to — 生（孩子）
12. a little bit — 有点儿

必会句型：
1. Unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. — 除非他能藏起尾巴，否则他不能把自己变成人。
2. As soon as the man finished talking, Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died. — 那人一说完，愚公就说他的家人可以在他死后继续移山。
3. The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they got married. — 这对新婚夫妇结婚时非常高兴，止不住地微笑。
4. The story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! — 这个故事试图告诉我们：只要努力，一切皆有可能！
5. But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? — 但愚公不移山能做什么呢？
6. He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail. — 除非他能藏起尾巴，否则他不能把自己变成人。
7. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size. — 这是因为他能对形状和大小做出72种变化。

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?¶

重点短语：
1. take in — 吸入；吞入
2. in the face of — 面对
3. achieve one's dream — 实现梦想
4. give up trying — 放弃尝试
5. run along — 延伸
6. as you can see — 如你所见
7. even though — 即使
8. at birth — 出生时
9. up to — 多达
10. walk into — 撞到
11. fall over — 绊倒
12. or so — 大约
13. cut down — 砍伐
14. endangered animals — 濒危动物

必会句型：
1. Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. — 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。
2. It is 8,844.43 meters high. — 它高8844.43米。
3. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. — 撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠。
4. China has the biggest population in the world. — 中国拥有世界上最多的人口。
5. One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing. — 世界上最危险的运动之一是登山。
6. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. — 当你接近山顶时，呼吸空气也非常困难。
7. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. — 喜马拉雅山脉延伸至中国西南部。
8. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years. — 熊猫没有很多幼崽，也许每两年只有一只。

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?¶

重点短语：
1. full of — 充满
2. grow up — 长大
3. put...down — 放下
4. hurry up — 快点
5. belong to — 属于
6. bring back — 带回
7. give up — 放弃
8. wait for — 等待
9. cut down — 砍倒
10. the marks of — ……的标记
11. run towards — 跑向
12. science fiction — 科幻小说

必会句型：
1. Have you read Treasure Island yet? — 你读过《金银岛》了吗？
2. Yes, I've already read it. / No, I haven't read it yet. — 是的，我已经读过了。/ 不，我还没读。
3. I've already finished reading it. — 我已经读完它了。
4. The book report is due in two weeks. — 读书报告两周后到期。
5. Have you decided which book to write about yet? — 你已经决定写哪本书了吗？
6. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. — 虽然我失去了一切，但我没有失去我的生命。
7. I named him Friday because that was the day I met him. — 我给他取名叫星期五，因为那是我遇见他的日子。
8. The Toms must be popular. — 汤姆乐队一定很受欢迎。

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?¶

重点短语：
1. have been to — 去过（已回）
2. have gone to — 去了（未回）
3. have been in — 在……待了多久
4. amusement park — 游乐园
5. go skating — 去滑冰
6. a couple of — 几个
7. take a holiday — 度假
8. on the one hand...on the other hand — 一方面……另一方面
9. three quarters — 四分之三
10. thousands of — 数千
11. all year round — 全年
12. whether...or... — 是……还是

必会句型：
1. Have you ever been to a science museum? — 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？
2. Yes, I've been to a science museum. / No, I've never been to a science museum. — 是的，我去过。/ 不，我从没去过。
3. I went to the National Science Museum last year. — 我去年去了国家科学博物馆。
4. It's a good way to spend a Saturday afternoon. — 这是度过周六下午的好方式。
5. I've been to the art museum many times. — 我去过美术馆很多次了。
6. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you'll find it all in Singapore. — 无论你喜欢印度菜、西餐还是日本菜，你在新加坡都能找到。
7. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. — 关于新加坡的一个很棒的事情是，全年气温几乎一样。
8. You won't have any problem finding rice, noodles or dumplings. — 你找米饭、面条或饺子不会有任何问题。

Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.¶

重点短语：
1. have a yard sale — 举办庭院旧货出售
2. give away — 捐赠
3. no longer — 不再
4. check out — 查看
5. clear out — 清理
6. part with — 舍弃；与……分开
7. as for — 至于
8. to be honest — 说实话
9. regard...as... — 把……当作
10. according to — 根据
11. search for — 寻找
12. close to — 接近

必会句型：
1. How long have you had that bike over there? — 你在那边的那辆自行车买了多久了？
2. I've had it for three years. — 我买了三年了。
3. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. — 艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们唤起了美好的回忆。
4. I've had it since I was a baby. — 从我还是婴儿时起我就有了它。
5. To be honest, I have not played for a while now. — 说实话，我已经有一段时间没玩了。
6. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I haven't played for a while now. — 至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，我已经有一段时间没踢球了。
7. Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same. — 魏伟认为这样的发展是好的，他也知道他的家乡不可能永远不变。
8. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. — 如今，数百万中国人离开农村去城市寻找工作。

四、语法知识详解 ¶

Unit 1 情态动词 should / shouldn’t ¶

语法规则：

情态动词 should / shouldn't 用于表示建议、劝告或义务，意为”应该/不应该”。其特点是：后接动词原形；没有人称和数的变化；不能单独作谓语。

否定形式： should not = shouldn't

基本句型：
- 肯定句：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他
- 否定句：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 + 其他
- 疑问句：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?

例句：
- You should drink more water. — 你应该多喝水。
- She shouldn't stay up too late. — 她不应该熬夜太晚。
- Should I take this medicine? — 我应该吃这个药吗？
- What should I do? — 我该怎么办？

⚠️ 易错提醒： should 后面必须用动词原形，不可加 to。 ❌ You should to rest. → ✅ You should rest.

Unit 2 动词不定式 ¶

语法规则：

动词不定式的基本形式是 to + 动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。在本单元中，不定式主要用法如下：

1. 作宾语： 某些动词后常接不定式作宾语
- want / hope / decide / expect / plan / refuse + to do sth.
- 例：She decided to try out for a volunteer program. — 她决定参加志愿者项目的选拔。
- 例：I want to travel alone. — 我想独自旅行。

2. 作宾语补足语： 用于补充说明宾语的动作
- ask / tell / want / expect / allow / teach + sb. + to do sth.
- 例：My mother asked me to clean my room. — 妈妈让我打扫房间。
- 例：Hospitals let me visit the kids. → Hospitals allow me to visit the kids.

3. 作目的状语： 表示做某事的目的
- 例：She volunteers at an animal hospital to learn more about how to care for animals. — 她在动物医院做志愿者，是为了更多地学习如何照顾动物。

⚠️ 重点辨析： stop to do（停下来去做另一件事）vs stop doing（停止正在做的事）

Unit 3 could 表请求与许可 ¶

语法规则：

could 是 can 的过去式，但在本单元中，could 不是过去时，而是用来表示礼貌地提出请求或征求许可，语气比 can 更加委婉客气。

1. 请求别人做某事：
- Could you please + 动词原形 + ...? — 请你……好吗？
- 例：Could you please take out the rubbish? — 请你倒垃圾好吗？
- 例：Could you please fold the clothes? — 请你叠衣服好吗？

2. 请求许可（自己想做某事）：
- Could I + 动词原形 + ...? — 我可以……吗？
- 例：Could I use your computer? — 我可以用你的电脑吗？
- 例：Could I borrow some money? — 我可以借些钱吗？

应答方式：
- 同意：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / Yes, sure.
- 拒绝：Sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not.

⚠️ 注意： Could you please...? 和 Could I...? 中虽然用了 could，但回答时用 can 或 can't，不能用 could。
❌ — Could you help me? — Yes, I could. → ✅ — Yes, I can.

Unit 4 Why don’t you…? 表建议 ¶

语法规则：

英语中有多种表达建议的方式，本单元重点学习以下句型：

1. Why don't you + 动词原形 + ...? — 你为什么不……呢？
- 例：Why don't you talk to your parents? — 你为什么不和你父母谈谈呢？
- 例：Why don't you join a club? — 你为什么不加入一个社团呢？

2. Why not + 动词原形 + ...? — 为什么不……呢？（上一句的简写形式）
- 例：Why not take a break? — 为什么不休息一下呢？

3. 其他表建议的句型：
- You should / could + 动词原形 — 你应该/可以……
- How about / What about + doing sth.? — ……怎么样？
- Let's + 动词原形 — 让我们……吧

4. until 的用法：
- not...until... — 直到……才
- 例：He watches TV until late at night. — 他看电视一直到深夜。

5. instead 与 instead of：
- instead — 副词，单独使用，位于句首或句末，意为”代替，反而”
- instead of — 介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词，意为”而不是”
- 例：I don't want to go shopping. Let's watch a movie instead. — 我不想去购物。我们看电影吧。
- 例：He watches TV instead of doing homework. — 他看电视而不是做作业。

Unit 5 过去进行时 ¶

语法规则：

过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。

基本结构： was/were + 动词-ing形式

I / he / she / it + was + doing
we / you / they + were + doing

否定形式： was/were not (wasn't/weren't) + doing

疑问形式： 将 was/were 提前 → Was/Were + 主语 + doing...?

主要用法：

1. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作： 常搭配 at 8:00 yesterday / at that time / at that moment
- 例：I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night. — 昨晚八点我正在做作业。
- 例：What were you doing at that time? — 那时你在做什么？

2. 表示过去某段时间内正在进行的动作： 常搭配 from 7 to 9 yesterday
- 例：They were playing basketball from 4 to 6 yesterday afternoon. — 昨天下午4点到6点他们在打篮球。

3. when 与 while 引导的时间状语从句：
- when — 当……时（可接短暂性动词，也可接延续性动词）
- while — 当……时（只接延续性动词，强调”在某段时间内”）
- 例：I was reading when the phone rang. — 电话响时我正在看书。（when 后接短暂性动作）
- 例：While I was reading, he called me. — 我看书时他给我打了电话。（while 后接延续性动作）
- 例：What were you doing when the rainstorm came? — 暴风雨来时你在做什么？

⚠️ 重难点辨析 when vs while：
- when = 既可以接延续性动词，也可以接短暂性动词
- while = 只能接延续性动词（即能用进行时的动词）
- 当两个动作都是延续性的，用 while 更自然

Unit 6 连词 unless / as soon as / so…that…¶

语法规则：

本单元学习三个重要连词结构，它们都引导状语从句。

1. unless — 除非；如果不（ = if...not）

unless 引导条件状语从句，主句常用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
例：Unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. — 除非他能藏起尾巴，否则他不能把自己变成人。（= If he can't hide his tail, he cannot...）
例：You will fail unless you work hard. — 除非你努力学习，否则你会失败的。

2. as soon as — 一……就……

引导时间状语从句，主从句时态一致：主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。
例：As soon as the man finished talking, Yu Gong said his family could continue. — 那人一说完，愚公就说他的家人可以继续。
例：I'll call you as soon as I arrive. — 我一到就给你打电话。

3. so...that... — 如此……以至于……

结构：so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句
例：The couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling. — 这对夫妇如此高兴，以至于止不住地微笑。
例：He runs so fast that nobody can catch him. — 他跑得如此快，以至于没人能追上他。

⚠️ 注意区分 so...that 与 such...that：
- so + 形容词/副词 + that
- such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that
例：He is so clever that everyone likes him. = He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.

Unit 7 大数字表达与比较等级 ¶

语法规则：

1. 大数字的表达：
- 百/hundred、千/thousand、百万/million、十亿/billion
- 基数词与上述量词组合时，如果前有具体数字，量词不加 -s：three thousand、five million
- 如果表示”数百/数千”等约数，量词加 -s 并接 of：thousands of people、millions of books

2. 大数字读法：
- 8,844 → eight thousand eight hundred and forty-four
- 6,300 → six thousand three hundred

3. 比较级和最高级（复习与拓展）：

规则	原级	比较级	最高级
一般加-er/-est	`tall`	`taller`	`tallest`
e结尾加-r/-st	`large`	`larger`	`largest`
辅音+y结尾	`heavy`	`heavier`	`heaviest`
双写末尾辅音	`big`	`bigger`	`biggest`
多音节词	`beautiful`	`more beautiful`	`most beautiful`
不规则变化	`good/well`	`better`	`best`
	`bad/badly`	`worse`	`worst`
	`many/much`	`more`	`most`
	`little`	`less`	`least`
	`far`	`farther/further`	`farthest/furthest`

4. 比较级和最高级常用句型：
- A is + 比较级 + than + B — A比B更……
- A is the + 最高级 + (in/of) — A是最……的
- one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 — 最……的之一
- as + 原级 + as — 和……一样
- not as/so + 原级 + as — 不如……

例：Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. — 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其他山都高。
例：It is one of the most dangerous sports. — 它是最危险的运动之一。

Unit 8 现在完成时（一）：have/has + 过去分词 ¶

语法规则：

现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。

基本结构： have/has + 动词的过去分词（past participle, P.P.）

I/you/we/they + have + P.P.
he/she/it + has + P.P.

否定形式： haven't / hasn't + P.P.

疑问形式： Have/Has + 主语 + P.P....?

1. 过去分词的构成：
- 规则动词：与过去式相同（work → worked → worked）
- 不规则动词：需单独记忆（go → went → gone，read → read → read，write → wrote → written）

2. 本单元用法 — 表示已经做过某事或还没做某事：
- already — 已经（用于肯定句）
- yet — 还（用于否定句和疑问句，置于句末）
- just — 刚刚（用于肯定句）

例句：
- I have already read Treasure Island. — 我已经读过《金银岛》了。
- Have you read it yet? — 你读过它了吗？
- No, I haven't read it yet. — 不，我还没读过。
- I have just finished my homework. — 我刚做完作业。

⚠️ 易错提醒：
- already 用于肯定句，yet 用于否定句和疑问句
- ❌ I haven't already finished it. → ✅ I haven't finished it yet.

Unit 9 现在完成时（二）：have been to / have gone to / have been in ¶

语法规则：

这三个结构都使用现在完成时，但含义不同，是中考高频考点。

结构	含义	用法
`have been to + 地点`	曾经去过某地（已回来）	可与 `once/twice/several times` 连用
`have gone to + 地点`	去了某地（还没回来）	主语通常是第三人称
`have been in + 地点 + 时间段`	在某地待了多久	搭配 `for/since`

例句：
- I have been to Beijing twice. — 我去过北京两次。（已经回来了）
- She has gone to the library. — 她去图书馆了。（还没回来）
- He has been in Shanghai for three years. — 他在上海待了三年了。

⚠️ 辨析口诀：
- have been to = 去了已回来了
- have gone to = 去了没回来
- have been in = 在某地待了多久

补充：have been to 与一般过去时的区别
- I have been to Beijing. — 我去过北京。（强调经历，对现在有影响）
- I went to Beijing last year. — 我去年去了北京。（强调过去的时间，只说过去的事）

Unit 10 现在完成时（三）：for / since 时间状语 ¶

语法规则：

当现在完成时与 for 或 since 连用时，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在。

1. for + 时间段：
- for three years — 三年了
- for a long time — 很长时间了
- for two months — 两个月了
- 例：I've had this bike for three years. — 这辆自行车我买了三年了。

2. since + 时间点/过去时的从句：
- since 2010 — 自2010年以来
- since last Monday — 自上周一以来
- since I was a child — 从我小时候起
- 例：I've had it since I was a baby. — 从我是婴儿时起我就有了它。
- 例：She has lived here since she moved to this city. — 自从她搬到这座城市，她就一直住在这里。

3. 延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换：

当句子中有 for 或 since 时，动词必须用延续性动词，不能用短暂性动词。

短暂性动词	延续性动词
`buy`	`have`
`borrow`	`keep`
`come`	`be (here)`
`go`	`be (away)`
`die`	`be dead`
`join`	`be in / be a member of`
`leave`	`be away`
`begin/start`	`be on`
`marry`	`be married`

❌ I have bought this book for three years. → ✅ I have had this book for three years.
❌ He has joined the club for two years. → ✅ He has been in the club for two years.

⚠️ 这一知识点是中考必考点！ 短暂性动词变延续性动词的转换必须熟记。

4. for 与 since 的选择判断方法：
- for + 时间段（表示一段时间：three years, two days, a long time）
- since + 时间点（表示一个时间起点：2010, yesterday, last week, 过去时从句）

五、必会文章（课文重点）¶

Unit 1 — Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man（2b 重点段落）¶

At 9:00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. A woman next to him was shouting for help.

The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act quickly.

He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man onto the bus.

Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. “It’s said that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble,” says one passenger. “But the driver didn’t think about himself. He only thought about saving a life.”

关键语言点：
- see sb. doing sth. — 看见某人正在做某事
- without thinking twice — 没有多想
- to one's surprise — 令某人惊讶的是
- expect sb. to do sth. — 期望某人做某事
- agree to do sth. — 同意做某事
- thanks to — 多亏；由于

Unit 2 — Students Who Volunteer（2b 重点段落）¶

Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others.

Mario loves animals and wants to be an animal doctor. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. “It’s hard work,” he says, “but I want to learn more about how to care for animals. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces.”

Mary is a book lover. She could read by herself at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.”

关键语言点：
- give up — 放弃
- volunteer at... — 在……做志愿者
- a strong feeling of satisfaction — 强烈的满足感
- try out for — 参加选拔
- a dream come true — 梦想成真

Unit 3 — Do You Think Kids Should Do Chores at Home?（2b 重点段落）¶

Many kids in the US do chores to get pocket money. This is because it helps them understand that they need to work hard to make money. It also helps them learn to look after themselves. For example, older kids can help with cooking, cleaning, and doing laundry.

However, in China, many parents do most of the chores for their kids. They think their kids should focus on studying. But many experts believe that doing chores has many benefits. It teaches kids responsibility and independence. It also helps them develop good habits.

In my opinion, kids should help with chores at home. It is not only about helping parents. It is about learning life skills. When kids grow up, they need to know how to cook, clean, and take care of themselves. Doing chores at home is the first step.

关键语言点：
- pocket money — 零花钱
- focus on — 专注于
- look after — 照顾
- in my opinion — 在我看来
- life skills — 生活技能
- take care of — 照顾

Unit 5 — The Storm Brought People Closer Together（2b 重点段落）¶

In Alabama, a storm hit the area. Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and matches on the table.

Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the window. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.

Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together.

Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.

关键语言点：
- was putting...while...was making — 过去进行时同时进行
- beat heavily against — 猛烈地敲打
- die down — 逐渐平息
- fall asleep — 入睡
- in a mess — 一片狼藉
- bring...closer together — 使……更亲密

Unit 7 — Qomolangma — the Most Dangerous Mountain?（2b 重点段落）¶

One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma is the highest and most famous. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so it is very dangerous to climb.

Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.

The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties, and never give up trying to achieve their dreams.

关键语言点：
- one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 — 最……的之一
- run along — 延伸
- take in air — 吸入空气
- in the face of — 面对
- give up trying — 放弃尝试
- achieve one's dream — 实现梦想

六、阅读材料（拓展阅读）¶

Passage 1: Stay Healthy, Stay Happy（健康安全）¶

Health is the most important thing in our lives. But how can we stay healthy? First, we should eat a balanced diet. We need to eat lots of vegetables and fruit, and not too much junk food. Second, we should exercise regularly. Doing sports like running, swimming, and playing basketball can make our bodies strong. Third, we should get enough sleep. Most teenagers need 8–10 hours of sleep every night. If we don’t sleep well, we may feel tired and cannot focus on our studies.

Sometimes, we may get sick. When we have a cold, we should drink more water and get some rest. If we have a fever, we should go to see a doctor. We should never go to school when we are seriously ill, because we might make other people sick too.

It’s also important to keep our minds healthy. When we feel stressed, we can talk to our friends or parents. We can also listen to music or take a walk to relax. Remember, a healthy body and a healthy mind are the keys to a happy life.

Reading Comprehension:

How many suggestions does the passage give to stay healthy?
- A. Two
- B. Three
- C. Four
- D. Five
How many hours of sleep do most teenagers need?
- A. 6–8 hours
- B. 7–9 hours
- C. 8–10 hours
- D. 10–12 hours
What should you do when you have a fever?
- A. Go to school
- B. Drink more water
- C. See a doctor
- D. Both B and C
What does the passage say about keeping a healthy mind?
- A. We should study harder.
- B. We can talk to friends or parents.
- C. We should sleep more.
- D. We should eat more fruit.
What is the main idea of this passage?
- A. How to eat a balanced diet
- B. How to stay healthy in body and mind
- C. How to get enough sleep
- D. How to see a doctor

参考答案： 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. B

Passage 2: The Power of Volunteering（志愿服务）¶

Last summer, I joined a volunteer program organized by my school. Every Saturday, a group of students went to a local nursing home to help the elderly. We talked with them, read newspapers to them, and sometimes performed short shows to make them laugh.

At first, I felt a bit nervous. I didn’t know what to say to the old people. But soon I found that they were very kind and friendly. An old lady named Grandma Li told me many interesting stories about her childhood. She said she was very happy when we came to visit. “You young people bring so much joy to our lives,” she said with a big smile.

Through this experience, I learned that volunteering is not just about helping others. It is also about learning and growing ourselves. I became more patient, more confident, and more caring. I also realized that the simplest things — like a smile, a conversation, or a hug — can make a big difference in someone’s life.

I will continue to volunteer in the future. I believe that if everyone gives a little love, the world will become a much better place.

Reading Comprehension:

Where did the writer volunteer?
- A. At a hospital
- B. At a nursing home
- C. At a school
- D. At an animal shelter
How did the writer feel at first?
- A. Excited
- B. Happy
- C. Nervous
- D. Bored
What did Grandma Li think about the volunteers?
- A. They were too noisy.
- B. They brought joy.
- C. They were too shy.
- D. They were not helpful.
What did the writer learn from volunteering?
- A. How to tell stories
- B. How to perform shows
- C. Patience, confidence, and caring
- D. How to read newspapers
What is the best title for this passage?
- A. My Summer Holiday
- B. The Power of Volunteering
- C. How to Help Old People
- D. Stories from a Nursing Home

参考答案： 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B

Passage 3: Talking It Out（人际关系）¶

Communication is the key to good relationships. When we have problems with our friends or family members, the worst thing we can do is to stay silent. If we don’t talk about our problems, they will only get worse.

Many young people have arguments with their parents. They think their parents don’t understand them. But instead of arguing, why not try to talk calmly? Here are some tips:

First, choose the right time. Don’t try to talk when you or your parents are angry. Wait until everyone is calm. Second, use “I” statements. Instead of saying “You never listen to me,” try saying “I feel upset when I can’t share my ideas with you.” This way, you express your feelings without blaming others. Third, listen carefully. Communication is a two-way street. When your parents speak, try to understand their point of view.

Remember, parents also want what is best for you. Sometimes they may not express it in the right way, but their intentions are good. If you can communicate well, you will find that most problems can be solved. As the saying goes, “A good conversation can solve a thousand problems.”

Reading Comprehension:

What is the worst thing to do when you have problems with others?
- A. To argue
- B. To stay silent
- C. To leave
- D. To cry
When is the right time to talk?
- A. When you are angry
- B. When parents are angry
- C. When everyone is calm
- D. Late at night
What does “use ‘I’ statements” mean?
- A. Always say “I am right.”
- B. Express your feelings without blaming others
- C. Talk only about yourself
- D. Use “I” in every sentence
What does “communication is a two-way street” mean?
- A. Two people should talk at the same time
- B. Both people should speak and listen
- C. The road has two lanes
- D. You should walk two ways
What is the main message of this passage?
- A. Parents are always right
- B. Arguments are normal
- C. Good communication solves problems
- D. Young people should be quiet

参考答案： 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C

Passage 4: The Magic of Reading（文学阅读）¶

Reading is one of the most wonderful things in the world. When you open a book, you can travel to places you have never been, meet people you have never seen, and experience things you have never done.

I still remember the first book I read by myself. It was a simple picture book about a little monkey. I was only five years old, but I was so proud that I could read it without anyone’s help. From that day on, I fell in love with reading.

Over the years, I have read many different kinds of books — adventure stories, science fiction, historical novels, and biographies. Each book has taught me something new. Treasure Island taught me about courage and friendship. Journey to the West taught me about perseverance and teamwork. The Little Prince taught me about love and responsibility.

Some people say they don’t have time to read. But reading doesn’t have to take a long time. You can read for just 15 minutes before you go to sleep. If you read 15 minutes every day, that’s over 90 hours in a year! You can finish many books in that time.

My advice is simple: find a book that interests you, and start reading. You will discover that books are like friends — they are always there for you, ready to take you on a new adventure.

Reading Comprehension:

How old was the writer when they read the first book?
- A. Four
- B. Five
- C. Six
- D. Seven
What did Treasure Island teach the writer?
- A. Love and responsibility
- B. Courage and friendship
- C. Perseverance and teamwork
- D. Science and technology
How much time can you save by reading 15 minutes daily for a year?
- A. Over 60 hours
- B. Over 90 hours
- C. Over 100 hours
- D. Over 120 hours
What does the writer compare books to?
- A. Teachers
- B. Friends
- C. Parents
- D. Adventures
What is the writer’s advice?
- A. Read for one hour every day
- B. Only read adventure stories
- C. Find a book that interests you and start reading
- D. Read before breakfast

参考答案： 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. C

Passage 5: A Trip to Singapore（旅行经历）¶

Have you ever been to Singapore? It is a small island country in Southeast Asia, but it is one of the most amazing places I have ever visited. I went there with my family last summer, and it was an unforgettable experience.

Singapore is famous for its cleanliness and safety. The streets are very clean, and you can walk around at night without feeling afraid. The people are friendly and polite. Most of them can speak both English and Chinese, which made it very easy for us to communicate.

One of the best places we visited was the Night Safari. It is a zoo that opens at night. We took a tram and saw many animals that are active at night, such as lions, tigers, and owls. It was so exciting! We also went to Sentosa Island, where we played on the beach and visited Universal Studios.

The food in Singapore is also wonderful. Whether you like Chinese food, Indian food, or Western food, you can find it all there. My favorite was the chili crab — it was delicious! The temperature was warm all year round, so we could wear light clothes.

If you have a chance, I really recommend visiting Singapore. It is a place where different cultures meet, and you can learn so much just by walking around.

Reading Comprehension:

Where is Singapore?
- A. In East Asia
- B. In Southeast Asia
- C. In South Asia
- D. In West Asia
What is Singapore famous for?
- A. Its size and population
- B. Its cleanliness and safety
- C. Its cold weather
- D. Its mountains
What is special about the Night Safari?
- A. It opens during the day
- B. It is a zoo that opens at night
- C. It is a seafood restaurant
- D. It is a theme park
What was the writer’s favorite food?
- A. Indian curry
- B. Western steak
- C. Chili crab
- D. Chinese noodles
What can we learn about Singapore from the passage?
- A. It is very cold
- B. People can only speak English
- C. Different cultures meet there
- D. It is a very large country

参考答案： 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C

七、优秀范文与必会练习 ¶

7.1 优秀范文 ¶

范文一：给你的朋友提健康建议（Unit 1）¶

题目： 你的朋友Tom最近经常感冒，身体不好。请写一封电子邮件给他，给出一些健康建议。词数100–120。

Dear Tom,

I’m sorry to hear that you have been getting sick a lot lately. I think you should pay more attention to your health. Here is some advice for you.

First, you should eat a balanced diet. Try to eat more fruit and vegetables, and don’t eat too much junk food. Second, you should exercise every day. Running or playing basketball for 30 minutes can make your body stronger. Third, you should get enough sleep. Don’t stay up late playing computer games. You need at least 8 hours of sleep every night.

Also, remember to drink more water and wash your hands often. If you follow these tips, I’m sure you will feel much better soon. Take care of yourself!

Yours,
Li Hua

(110词)

范文二：我的志愿服务经历（Unit 2）¶

题目： 请以”My Volunteer Experience”为题，写一篇短文，介绍你的一次志愿服务经历。词数100–120。

My Volunteer Experience

Last summer, I volunteered at a local animal shelter. I went there every Saturday morning and helped take care of the cats and dogs.

My main job was to feed the animals, clean their cages, and walk the dogs. At first, I was a little afraid of some big dogs, but the workers there taught me how to approach them safely. Soon, I became friends with all the animals. I especially loved a little dog named Lucky. He was very shy at first, but after a few weeks, he would run to me every time I arrived.

Through this experience, I learned that helping others — even animals — can bring great joy. I felt proud that I could make a difference in their lives. I will continue to volunteer because I believe that kindness can change the world.

(112词)

范文三：家务劳动（Unit 3）¶

题目： 你认为中学生应该做家务吗？请写一篇短文表达你的观点。词数100–120。

Should Students Do Chores?

In my opinion, students should definitely help with chores at home. Some parents think kids should only focus on studying, but I disagree.

First, doing chores teaches us life skills. If we never learn to cook, clean, or do laundry, how will we survive when we grow up? Second, doing chores helps us understand our parents’ hard work. When we experience how tiring housework can be, we will appreciate our parents more. Third, sharing chores is a way to show love and respect for our family.

I started doing chores when I was in Grade 6. I make my bed, sweep the floor, and help wash the dishes. It doesn’t take much time, but it makes our home warmer and happier.

In short, doing chores is good for both ourselves and our families.

(115词)

范文四：给同学的建议（Unit 4）¶

题目： 你的同学李明最近因为考试压力大而心情不好，和父母也产生了矛盾。请给他写一封信，给出建议。词数100–120。

Dear Li Ming,

I heard that you are feeling stressed these days and having some problems with your parents. I want to share some advice with you.

First, don’t keep everything inside. You should talk to your parents calmly. Tell them how you feel about the exams. They love you and will understand if you communicate honestly. Second, why don’t you talk to your friends? Sometimes sharing your worries can make you feel much better. Third, you should find time to relax. Playing sports, listening to music, or taking a walk can help reduce stress.

Remember, exams are important, but your health and happiness are more important. Don’t push yourself too hard. If you need someone to talk to, I’m always here for you.

Best wishes,
Wang Fang

(113词)

范文五：难忘的经历（Unit 5）¶

题目： 请以”An Unforgettable Experience”为题，描述一次难忘的经历。词数100–120。

An Unforgettable Experience

I will never forget the day of the big rainstorm last summer. I was walking home from school when the sky suddenly turned dark and it began to rain heavily.

I didn’t have an umbrella, so I ran into a small shop nearby. The owner, an old woman, saw me soaking wet and gave me a towel to dry myself. She also offered me a cup of hot tea. While I was waiting for the rain to stop, she told me stories about her life. She was so warm and kind that I felt I had known her for years.

After about an hour, the rain finally stopped. I thanked her and ran home. That experience taught me that kindness from strangers can warm our hearts. Even now, whenever it rains, I think of that kind old woman and smile.

(115词)

范文六：我最喜欢的一本书（Unit 8）¶

题目： 请以”My Favorite Book”为题，介绍你最喜欢的一本书。词数100–120。

My Favorite Book

My favorite book is Journey to the West. I have read it three times, and each time I learn something new.

The book tells the story of a monk named Tang Seng and his three disciples, especially the Monkey King, Sun Wukong. They travel to the West to get Buddhist scriptures. Along the way, they face many difficulties and fight against all kinds of monsters. The Monkey King is brave, clever, and never gives up. I admire him very much.

What I love most about this book is that it teaches important values — courage, friendship, and perseverance. No matter how hard the journey is, the characters never give up. This inspires me to face my own challenges in life.

I recommend this book to everyone. It is not just a story; it is a treasure full of wisdom.

(112词)

范文七：一次难忘的旅行（Unit 9）¶

题目： 请以”A Trip to Remember”为题，描述一次你去过的旅行。词数100–120。

A Trip to Remember

Last year, I went to Beijing with my family. It was the most exciting trip I have ever had.

We visited many famous places. The Great Wall was amazing — it was so long and so high that I couldn’t believe humans built it hundreds of years ago. We also went to the Forbidden City. I was shocked by its size and beauty. There were so many rooms and so many beautiful things to see.

The food in Beijing was also wonderful. I tried Peking duck for the first time, and it was the most delicious food I have ever eaten. We also visited a science museum, where I learned a lot about space and technology.

I took many photos during the trip. Every time I look at them, I remember the happy moments. I hope to visit Beijing again someday.

(115词)

范文八：故乡的变化（Unit 10）¶

题目： 你的家乡发生了怎样的变化？请以”Changes in My Hometown”为题写一篇短文。词数100–120。

Changes in My Hometown

My hometown is a small city in southern China. Great changes have taken place here in the past ten years.

Ten years ago, there were only a few small roads and old buildings. Most people rode bicycles or walked. There were no big supermarkets or shopping malls. But now, my hometown is totally different. Wide roads have replaced the narrow ones. Tall buildings are everywhere. People can travel by subway and bus. We have beautiful parks, modern hospitals, and large shopping centers.

However, not everything has changed. The river in my town is still clear and beautiful. The people are still warm and friendly. I have lived here since I was born, and I love my hometown more than any other place.

I believe my hometown will become even better in the future.

(115词)

7.2 必会练习（按单元设计）¶

Unit 1 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— What’s the matter with you?
— ______
- A. I’m fine, thanks.
- B. I have a sore throat.
- C. I’m 15 years old.
- D. I like reading.
You ______ eat too much ice cream. It’s bad for your stomach.
- A. should
- B. shouldn’t
- C. can
- D. must
The man was lying ______ the road when the bus came.
- A. in
- B. on
- C. at
- D. to
To my ______, all the passengers agreed to go with the driver.
- A. surprise
- B. surprised
- C. surprising
- D. surprises
They expected him ______ the problem.
- A. solve
- B. solving
- C. to solve
- D. solved

二、用所给词的正确形式填空

He has a ______ (stomach). He should lie down and rest.
Aron Ralston is used to ______ (take) risks.
She made a ______ (decide) to study harder.

参考答案： 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. stomachache 7. taking 8. decision

Unit 2 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

Mary decided ______ for a volunteer program.
- A. try out
- B. to try out
- C. trying out
- D. tried out
The girl could read by herself ______ the age of four.
- A. in
- B. on
- C. at
- D. for
He volunteers at an animal hospital ______ Saturday mornings.
- A. in
- B. on
- C. at
- D. to
— I want to help the poor children.
— You could ______ some money to them.
- A. give away
- B. give up
- C. give back
- D. give in
Mario wants ______ an animal doctor.
- A. be
- B. being
- C. to be
- D. been

二、句型转换

She volunteers at the hospital every week.（对划线部分提问）
→ __ ____ she volunteer every week?
I want to travel alone.（改为同义句）
→ I want to travel __ ____.

参考答案： 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. Where does 7. by myself

Unit 3 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— Could you please ______ the floor?
— Sure, Mom.
- A. sweep
- B. sweeping
- C. swept
- D. to sweep
— Could I __ your bike?
— Sorry, I ____ it to Tom.
- A. borrow; lent
- B. lend; borrowed
- C. borrow; borrowed
- D. lend; lent
Neither of my parents ______ at home yesterday.
- A. is
- B. was
- C. are
- D. were
The minute I sat down, my mom ______.
- A. came over
- B. comes over
- C. is coming
- D. has come
It’s important ______ children to do chores.
- A. for
- B. of
- C. to
- D. with

二、补全对话

A: Could you please take out the rubbish?
B: __ ____. I’ll do it right away.（当然可以）
A: Could I go to the movies tonight?
B: __ ____, you can.（是的）

参考答案： 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. Sure / Of course 7. Yes, sure / Yes

Unit 4 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— I argued with my best friend. What should I do?
— ______ talk to him?
- A. Why don’t
- B. Why not you
- C. Why don’t you
- D. What about
My parents don’t allow me ______ out at night.
- A. go
- B. to go
- C. going
- D. gone
______ he is very tired, he still works hard.
- A. Although; /
- B. Although; but
- C. /; although
- D. But; although
You should __ your problems ____ your friends.
- A. talk; about
- B. explain; to
- C. tell; to
- D. say; to
Instead ______ arguing, you should sit down and talk.
- A. of
- B. to
- C. for
- D. at

二、用所给词的正确形式填空

My parents don’t allow me ______ (play) computer games on weekdays.
He offered ______ (help) me with my English.
We should have proper ______ (communicate) with our parents.

参考答案： 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. to play 7. to help 8. communication

Unit 5 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

I ______ my homework when the phone rang.
- A. do
- B. did
- C. was doing
- D. am doing
While she ______ TV, her mother was cooking.
- A. watched
- B. was watching
- C. watches
- D. is watching
The alarm didn’t ______ this morning, so I was late.
- A. go off
- B. go on
- C. go out
- D. go away
______ I was waiting for the bus, it began to rain.
- A. When
- B. While
- C. After
- D. Before
He finally fell ______ when the wind was dying down.
- A. sleep
- B. sleepy
- C. asleep
- D. sleeping

二、句型转换

I was reading a book at 8:00 last night.（对划线部分提问）
→ __ _ you ___ at 8:00 last night?
The rain began to beat against the window.（改为过去进行时）
→ The rain __ ____ against the window.

参考答案： 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. What were; doing 7. was beating

Unit 6 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

______ he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person.
- A. If
- B. Unless
- C. Because
- D. When
______ the man finished talking, Yu Gong said his family could continue.
- A. As soon as
- B. Unless
- C. So that
- D. Until
The couple were __ happy ____ they couldn’t stop smiling.
- A. so; that
- B. such; that
- C. too; to
- D. very; that
Once upon a time, there ______ a beautiful princess.
- A. is
- B. was
- C. were
- D. be
The Monkey King can make 72 changes ______ his shape and size.
- A. for
- B. to
- C. of
- D. in

二、用所给词的正确形式填空

As soon as he ______ (arrive), I will tell him the news.
The new couple couldn’t stop ______ (smile) at the wedding.
Yu Gong’s story reminds us that ______ (work) hard is important.

参考答案： 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. arrives 7. smiling 8. working

Unit 7 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

Qomolangma is ______ mountain in the world.
- A. high
- B. higher
- C. highest
- D. the highest
The Sahara is ______ bigger than any other desert.
- A. very
- B. much
- C. so
- D. too
China has ______ population in the world.
- A. the biggest
- B. the largest
- C. big
- D. bigger
______ people visit the Great Wall every year.
- A. Two millions
- B. Millions of
- C. Million of
- D. Two million of
Pandas eat bamboo. An adult panda eats about 10 kilos of bamboo a day. A baby panda weighs only about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos ______ birth.
- A. in
- B. at
- C. on
- D. for

二、根据句意填空

Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters ______ (高).
One of the ______ (dangerous) sports is mountain climbing.
Pandas are ______ (endanger) animals. We should protect them.

参考答案： 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. high 7. most dangerous 8. endangered

Unit 8 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— Have you read Treasure Island __?
— Yes, I’ve ____ finished it.
- A. yet; already
- B. already; yet
- C. yet; yet
- D. already; already
The book report is ______ in two weeks.
- A. due
- B. because
- C. over
- D. from
This book belongs ______ Tom.
- A. for
- B. to
- C. with
- D. of
I’ve already ______ the book. It was great!
- A. read
- B. reading
- C. reads
- D. to read
— ______ you decided which book to write about?
— Not yet.
- A. Do
- B. Did
- C. Have
- D. Has

二、句型转换

I have already read the book.（改为否定句）
→ I __ _ the book ___.
She has finished her homework.（改为一般疑问句）
→ __ she ____ her homework?

参考答案： 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. haven’t read; yet 7. Has; finished

Unit 9 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— __ you ever ____ to a museum?
— Yes, I have.
- A. Have; been
- B. Have; gone
- C. Did; go
- D. Do; go
Mom is not at home. She ______ to the supermarket.
- A. has been
- B. has gone
- C. went
- D. goes
I have ______ to Beijing three times. I love that city.
- A. been
- B. gone
- C. went
- D. go
— How long have you ______ in this school?
— For two years.
- A. been
- B. gone
- C. come
- D. arrived
______ you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it in Singapore.
- A. If
- B. Whether
- C. Because
- D. When

二、用 have been to / have gone to / have been in 填空

I __ _ ___ the science museum twice.
Tom __ _ ___ the library. He’ll be back in an hour.
They __ _ ___ Shanghai for five years.

参考答案： 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. have been to 7. has gone to 8. have been in

Unit 10 练习 ¶

一、单项选择

— How long have you ______ this bike?
— For three years.
- A. bought
- B. had
- C. buy
- D. buying
I have had this computer ______ 2020.
- A. for
- B. in
- C. since
- D. from
Amy didn’t want to ______ her old toys.
- A. part with
- B. part to
- C. part for
- D. part in
______ honest, I haven’t played football for a long time.
- A. Be
- B. To be
- C. Being
- D. Been
He has lived here ______ he was a child.
- A. for
- B. when
- C. since
- D. from
Millions of Chinese leave the countryside to ______ work in the cities.
- A. look at
- B. search for
- C. find out
- D. look for

二、用 for 或 since 填空

I have had this book ______ three years.
She has been a teacher ______ 2015.
They have known each other ______ they were in primary school.
We have lived in this house ______ ten years.

三、句型转换

I bought this pen two years ago.（改为同义句）
→ I __ _ this pen ___ two years.

参考答案：
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. for 8. since 9. since 10. for 11. have had; for

7.3 综合练习 ¶

完形填空 ¶

阅读下面短文，从各题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。

Last Sunday, Lisa was doing her homework in her room. Her mother was cooking in the kitchen. Suddenly, Lisa 1 a loud noise from the kitchen. She ran to see what 2.

Her mother 3 on the floor. She had slipped on some water and fallen down. Lisa was very 4, but she tried to stay calm. She quickly called 120. While she 5 for the ambulance, she covered her mother with a blanket.

The doctors arrived in ten minutes. They said Lisa’s mother was not seriously hurt, but she 6 stay in the hospital for a few days. Lisa visited her mother every day after school. She 7 her mother’s flowers and brought her favorite books.

Lisa’s mother was proud of her daughter. “She 8 so brave and grown-up,” she said. “I’m lucky to have such a wonderful daughter.”

A. hear B. heard C. was hearing D. hears
A. happen B. happens C. happened D. was happening
A. lying B. was lying C. lies D. lie
A. scare B. scaring C. scared D. scary
A. wait B. waits C. was waiting D. waited
A. should B. could C. might D. would
A. bring B. brings C. brought D. was bringing
A. acts B. acted C. was acting D. has acted

参考答案： 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B

书面表达综合练习 ¶

题目： 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter来信说他对中国文化很感兴趣，想了解你最近读过的一本中国文学作品。请根据以下要点给他写一封回信：

你最近读了什么书；
这本书的主要内容是什么；
你从中学到了什么；
推荐Peter也读一读。

词数：100–120词。

参考范文：

Dear Peter,

I’m glad to hear that you are interested in Chinese culture. Recently I have read a famous Chinese book called Journey to the West. I’d like to share it with you.

The book tells the story of a monk and his three disciples. They travel to the West to get Buddhist scriptures. The most interesting character is the Monkey King, who is brave and clever. Along the way, they face many dangers but never give up.

From this book, I have learned the importance of courage, teamwork, and perseverance. No matter how hard things get, we should keep going. It is one of the greatest Chinese classics.

I strongly recommend that you read it. I’m sure you will love it!

Yours,
Li Hua

(112词)

学习建议： 本手册涵盖八年级下册全部10个单元的核心内容，建议同学们在学习过程中做到以下几点：

词汇积累：每单元单词至少抄写3遍，结合音标朗读，做到”音形义”三结合。

语法理解：现在完成时（Units 8–10）是重点中的重点，建议用表格对比 have been to / have gone to / have been in，并做专项练习。

课文背诵：课文重点段落要熟读成诵，培养语感。

阅读训练：每周至少完成2篇课外阅读理解，限时15分钟/篇。

写作练习：模仿范文结构，每周写1篇短文，注意时态和人称的一致性。

错题整理：将每次练习中的错题整理到错题本上，定期复习，查漏补缺。

祝同学们学习进步，中考取得好成绩！

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