20260730 092643 初中英语知识点清单七年级上册
20260730_092643_初中英语知识点清单七年级上册.md
发布日期:2026年07月30日
文件:20260730_092643_初中英语知识点清单七年级上册.md
最后修改:2026-07-30 09:26:43
依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教版统编教材编写
涵盖:Starter Units 1–3 + Units 1–9
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| 26个字母发音 |
掌握26个英语字母的名称音和基本读音 |
A /eɪ/、B /biː/、C /siː/ |
| 元音字母发音 |
a/e/i/o/u 在重读开音节和闭音节中的发音 |
make /eɪ/ vs map /æ/;bite /aɪ/ vs bit /ɪ/ |
| 辅音字母发音 |
常见辅音字母及字母组合的发音规则 |
c在e前发/s/(center),c在a/o前发/k/(cat, cold) |
| 音节与重音 |
单词音节划分及重音位置 |
′student(两音节,重音在前)、com′puter(三音节,重音在二) |
| 句子语调 |
陈述句降调、一般疑问句升调 |
It’s a pen. ↘ / Is it a pen? ↗ |
| 连读初步 |
辅音+元音的简单连读 |
an apple → /ənˈæpl/;not at all → /ˈnɒtəˈtɔːl/ |
- 能正确朗读26个字母及常见单词
- 能根据发音规则拼读符合规律的生词
- 能在朗读中体现句子重音和基本语调
听录音选出正确的重音位置:
A. a′bove B. ′above C. a′bo′ve
答案:A
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| hello |
interj. |
你好 |
Hello! I’m Tom. |
| good-bye |
interj. |
再见 |
Good-bye! See you. |
| name |
n. |
名字 |
My name is Gina. |
| first |
adj. |
第一的 |
first name(名) |
| last |
adj. |
最后的 |
last name(姓) |
| friend |
n. |
朋友 |
She is my friend. |
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| pencil |
n. |
铅笔 |
Is this your pencil? |
| eraser |
n. |
橡皮 |
That is my eraser. |
| red |
adj./n. |
红色的 |
The apple is red. |
| blue |
adj./n. |
蓝色的 |
It’s a blue ruler. |
| dictionary |
n. |
词典 |
I have a dictionary. |
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| mother |
n. |
母亲 |
This is my mother. |
| father |
n. |
父亲 |
My father is a teacher. |
| sister |
n. |
姐妹 |
I have a sister. |
| brother |
n. |
兄弟 |
He is my brother. |
| parent |
n. |
父(母)亲 |
My parents are at home. |
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| apple |
n. |
苹果 |
I like apples. |
| hamburger |
n. |
汉堡包 |
Do you like hamburgers? |
| vegetable |
n. |
蔬菜 |
She likes vegetables. |
| fruit |
n. |
水果 |
Fruit is healthy. |
| milk |
n. |
牛奶 |
I drink milk for breakfast. |
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| math |
n. |
数学 |
My favorite subject is math. |
| science |
n. |
科学 |
We have science on Monday. |
| teacher |
n. |
教师 |
Our teacher is very kind. |
| classroom |
n. |
教室 |
The classroom is big. |
| subject |
n. |
科目 |
What’s your favorite subject? |
| 类别 |
词汇 |
| 基数词 |
zero, one, two, three … twenty, thirty |
| 电话号码读法 |
546-8921 → five four six, eight nine two one |
| 词汇 |
词性 |
释义 |
用法示例 |
| Monday |
n. |
星期一 |
I have math on Monday. |
| month |
n. |
月 |
January is the first month. |
| birthday |
n. |
生日 |
My birthday is in May. |
| today |
n./adv. |
今天 |
Today is Monday. |
- 掌握本册约400个核心词汇
- 能正确使用名词复数形式(规则与常见不规则)
- 能辨认并使用常用缩写(don’t, isn’t, I’m 等)
用所给词的正确形式填空:
I have two ______ (dictionary).
答案:dictionaries
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| am/is/are的搭配 |
I→am, he/she/it→is, we/you/they→are |
I am a student. She is my friend. |
| 肯定句 |
主语 + be + 表语 |
He is my brother. |
| 否定句 |
主语 + be + not + 表语 |
He is not my brother. / He isn’t my brother. |
| 一般疑问句 |
Be + 主语 + 表语? |
Is he your brother? — Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. |
| 特殊疑问句 |
疑问词 + be + 主语? |
Who is she? What is this? |
| 类别 |
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 |
| 主格 |
I / we |
you |
he / she / it / they |
| 宾格 |
me / us |
you |
him / her / it / them |
| 形容词性物主代词 |
my / our |
your |
his / her / its / their |
| 名词性物主代词 |
mine / ours |
yours |
his / hers / its / theirs |
易错点: its(它的)≠ it’s(it is的缩写)
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| this / these |
指近处单数/复数 |
This is my pen. These are my books. |
| that / those |
指远处单数/复数 |
That is his ruler. Those are her pencils. |
| 电话用语 |
用This is…介绍自己 |
Hello, this is Tom.(不用I am) |
| 规则 |
变化方式 |
示例 |
| 一般情况 |
加 -s |
book→books, pen→pens |
| s/x/sh/ch结尾 |
加 -es |
box→boxes, watch→watches |
| 辅音字母+y结尾 |
变y为i加-es |
family→families, dictionary→dictionaries |
| f/fe结尾 |
变f/fe为v加-es |
knife→knives, leaf→leaves |
| 不规则 |
无统一规则 |
man→men, child→children, mouse→mice |
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| be动词 |
表示身份、状态 |
She is a teacher. |
| 实义动词第三人称单数 |
主语为第三人称单数时动词加-s/-es |
He likes English. She has a book. |
| 否定句(实义动词) |
主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 |
He doesn’t like math. |
| 一般疑问句(实义动词) |
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形? |
Does she like apples? |
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| 肯定句 |
There is/are + 名词 + 地点 |
There is a book on the desk. |
| 就近原则 |
be动词与最近的名词一致 |
There is a pen and two books on the desk. |
| 否定句 |
There is/are + not… |
There isn’t a computer here. |
| 疑问句 |
Is/Are there…? |
Is there a library near here? |
| 介词 |
用法 |
示例 |
| in |
在…里面/在…(大范围) |
in the box / in China |
| on |
在…上面/在…(具体日期) |
on the desk / on Monday |
| under |
在…下面 |
under the chair |
| behind |
在…后面 |
behind the door |
| next to |
在…旁边 |
next to the library |
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| 肯定祈使句 |
动词原形开头 |
Open your books. |
| 否定祈使句 |
Don’t + 动词原形 |
Don’t run in the hallway. |
| Let’s… |
表示建议 |
Let’s play soccer. |
- 能正确使用be动词的各种句式
- 能区分并正确使用人称代词主格、宾格、物主代词
- 能正确构成名词复数
- 能用一般现在时描述个人情况和日常活动
- 能使用there be句型描述场景
- 能使用介词描述方位
用所给动词的正确形式填空:
1. She __ (have) a soccer ball. → has
2. There _ (be) some milk in the glass. → is
3. ___ (not eat) in class. → Don’t eat
| 功能 |
表达方式 |
示例 |
| 问候 |
Hello/Hi; Good morning |
— Good morning! — Good morning! |
| 介绍自己 |
I’m… / My name is… |
I’m Jenny. / My name is Jenny. |
| 介绍他人 |
This is… |
Mom, this is my friend, Tom. |
| 询问姓名 |
What’s your/his/her name? |
— What’s her name? — She’s Mary. |
| 询问物主 |
Is this/that your…? |
— Is this your pencil? — Yes, it is. |
| 表达喜好 |
I like/don’t like… |
I like bananas, but I don’t like apples. |
| 询问喜好 |
Do you like…? / Does he like…? |
— Do you like salad? — Yes, I do. |
| 询问价格 |
How much is/are…? |
— How much is the T-shirt? — It’s seven dollars. |
| 询问时间 |
When is…? / What time is it? |
— When is your birthday? — It’s in March. |
| 表达所属 |
have/has |
I have a basketball. She has a volleyball. |
- 能用英语进行简单的日常问候和介绍
- 能询问并回答个人信息(姓名、年龄、电话等)
- 能表达个人喜好和不喜欢
- 能进行简单的购物对话
补全对话:
A: __?
B: My name is Lisa.
A: ____?
B: I’m twelve.
答案:What’s your name? / How old are you?
| 话题 |
核心内容 |
相关单元 |
| 个人信息 |
姓名、年龄、电话号码、自我介绍 |
Starter 1–3, Unit 1 |
| 学校生活 |
物品、教室、科目、时间表 |
Units 2–3, Unit 9 |
| 家庭 |
家庭成员、家庭关系 |
Unit 2 |
| 食物与健康 |
食物名称、饮食习惯、喜好 |
Units 5–6 |
| 运动 |
运动项目、运动器材、运动喜好 |
Unit 5 |
| 购物 |
衣物、价格、颜色、询问 |
Unit 7 |
| 日期与生日 |
月份、日期、生日聚会 |
Unit 8 |
| 科目与时间 |
学校科目、日程安排 |
Unit 9 |
- 能围绕上述话题进行简单对话
- 能在对话中使用相关词汇和句型
- 能就话题写5–8句的短文
以”My School Day”为题写一篇短文(不少于5句):
I go to school from Monday to Friday. My first class is math at 8:00. I like English because it’s interesting. I have lunch at school. After school, I play soccer with my friends.
| 知识点 |
解析 |
示例 |
| 英文姓名 |
名(first name)在前,姓(last name)在后 |
Tom Smith → first name: Tom; last name: Smith |
| 称呼方式 |
英语国家常用Mr./Ms./Mrs. + 姓 |
Mr. Smith(史密斯先生) |
| 问候文化 |
熟人见面常用How are you?,非真实询问 |
— How are you? — I’m fine, thanks. |
| 感恩节 |
美国传统节日,11月第四个周四 |
Thanksgiving Day dinner |
| 圣诞节 |
12月25日,西方最重要的节日 |
Merry Christmas! |
| 英美差异 |
英美词汇差异 |
soccer(美)/football(英); eraser(美)/rubber(英) |
- 了解英语国家基本的姓名规则和称呼习惯
- 知道主要西方节日及其文化内涵
- 理解简单的英美词汇差异
判断正误:In English-speaking countries, the family name comes first. (×)
正解:The given name (first name) comes first, the family name (last name) comes last.
| 要求 |
说明 |
示例 |
| 听辨单词 |
听到单词能识别含义 |
听录音选出听到的颜色词 |
| 听懂问候 |
听懂日常问候和简单介绍 |
听对话判断人物关系 |
| 听取关键信息 |
听对话获取姓名、数字等 |
听电话号码并记录 |
| 听懂指令 |
听懂课堂简单指令 |
Open your books. / Stand up, please. |
| 要求 |
说明 |
示例 |
| 正确朗读 |
语音语调基本正确 |
朗读课文段落 |
| 日常对话 |
能进行3–4轮简单对话 |
询问并介绍个人信息 |
| 角色扮演 |
能根据情景进行简单角色扮演 |
模拟购物对话 |
| 要求 |
说明 |
示例 |
| 理解大意 |
读懂简短文章主旨大意 |
阅读短文选择正确标题 |
| 提取细节 |
找出文章中的具体信息 |
阅读广告找出价格 |
| 猜测词义 |
根据上下文猜测生词含义 |
利用图片和语境理解新词 |
| 要求 |
说明 |
示例 |
| 正确书写 |
能正确书写字母和单词 |
按规范格式书写26个字母 |
| 完成句子 |
能用所学句型完成句子 |
根据中文提示完成英文句子 |
| 简短写作 |
能写5–8句的简短文段 |
写一段自我介绍 |
| 句型 |
用法 |
示例 |
| What’s your/his/her name? |
询问姓名 |
What’s his name? — He’s Bob. |
| Nice to meet you. |
初次见面问候 |
— Nice to meet you. — Nice to meet you, too. |
| Is this/that your…? |
询问物主 |
Is this your pencil? |
| Do you have…? |
询问拥有 |
Do you have a soccer ball? |
| Do you like…? |
询问喜好 |
Do you like bananas? |
| How much is/are…? |
询问价格 |
How much are these socks? |
| When is your birthday? |
询问日期 |
When is your birthday? — It’s on May 2nd. |
| What’s your favorite subject? |
询问偏好 |
My favorite subject is science. |
| Why do you like…? |
询问原因 |
Why do you like P.E.? — Because it’s fun. |
| Who is your…teacher? |
询问人物 |
Who is your math teacher? |
AI生成