20260730 143022 小学英语四年级上册知识点全梳理
20260730_143022_小学英语四年级上册知识点全梳理.md
发布日期:2026年07月30日
文件:20260730_143022_小学英语四年级上册知识点全梳理.md
最后修改:2026-07-30 14:30:22
依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教版PEP小学英语四年级上册教材整理
| 单元 |
单元主题 |
核心知识点 |
| Unit 1 |
My classroom |
教室物品词汇、What’s in the classroom?句型 |
| Unit 2 |
My schoolbag |
书包物品词汇、What’s in your schoolbag?句型 |
| Unit 3 |
My friends |
外貌描述词汇、His/Her name is…句型 |
| Unit 4 |
At the farm |
农场动植物词汇、Are these/those…?句型 |
| Unit 5 |
Dinner’s ready |
餐饮词汇、What would you like?句型 |
| Unit 6 |
Meet my family |
家庭职业词汇、How many people…?句型 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| classroom |
教室 |
n. |
a big classroom |
| window |
窗户 |
n. |
open the window |
| door |
门 |
n. |
close the door |
| picture |
图片 |
n. |
a beautiful picture |
| blackboard |
黑板 |
n. |
on the blackboard |
| light |
灯 |
n. |
turn on the light |
| computer |
电脑 |
n. |
a new computer |
| fan |
风扇 |
n. |
a big fan |
| wall |
墙 |
n. |
on the wall |
| floor |
地板 |
n. |
on the floor |
| really |
真的 |
adv. |
Really? |
| near |
在……附近 |
prep. |
near the window |
| TV |
电视 |
n. |
a TV |
| clean |
打扫 |
v./adj. |
clean the classroom |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What’s in the classroom? |
教室里有什么? |
询问某处有什么 |
| Let’s go and see. |
我们去看看。 |
Let’s = Let us,提议去做某事 |
| Where is it? |
它在哪里? |
询问物品位置 |
| It’s near the window. |
它在窗户旁边。 |
用介词描述位置 |
| Let me clean the fish bowl. |
让我来擦鱼缸。 |
Let me + 动词原形,表示”让我……” |
- What’s in…? 句型:询问某处有什么,回答可以用 There is/are… 或直接列举物品
- Let’s… 和 Let me…:Let’s = Let us(让我们),Let me(让我),后接动词原形
- 祈使句:Open the door.(开门。)Close the window.(关窗。)Turn on the light.(开灯。)
- 字母 a-e 的发音:/eɪ/,如 cake, face, name, make(a发字母本音,e不发音)
- 对比闭音节 a 的短音 /æ/:cat, map, bag, hat
- Let’s 和 Let me 的区别:Let’s 是”让我们”(包括对方),Let me 是”让我”(只有自己)
- classroom 是 classroom,不能写成 class room(也可写 classroom, 新版常用合写)
- What’s in the classroom? 回答可以用 One blackboard, one TV, many desks and chairs.
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| schoolbag |
书包 |
n. |
a heavy schoolbag |
| Chinese book |
语文书 |
n. |
a Chinese book |
| English book |
英语书 |
n. |
an English book |
| maths book |
数学书 |
n. |
a maths book |
| notebook |
笔记本 |
n. |
a small notebook |
| storybook |
故事书 |
n. |
a good storybook |
| candy |
糖果 |
n. |
some candy |
| toy |
玩具 |
n. |
a toy |
| key |
钥匙 |
n. |
a key / keys |
| pencil |
铅笔 |
n. |
two pencils |
| ruler |
尺子 |
n. |
a ruler |
| eraser |
橡皮 |
n. |
an eraser |
| pen |
钢笔 |
n. |
a pen |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What’s in your schoolbag? |
你的书包里有什么? |
询问书包里的物品 |
| An English book, a maths book and… |
一本英语书,一本数学书和…… |
列举物品回答 |
| How many books do you have? |
你有多少本书? |
询问数量 |
| I have six. |
我有六本。 |
用数字回答 |
| What colour is it? |
它是什么颜色的? |
询问颜色 |
- What’s in your…? 句型:询问对方某物里有什么,回答列举物品内容
- 不定冠词 a/an:辅音音素开头用 a(a Chinese book),元音音素开头用 an(an English book, an eraser)
- How many…do you have?:询问拥有数量,回答 I have + 数字
- 字母 i-e 的发音:/aɪ/,如 like, kite, five, nine, rice(i发字母本音,e不发音)
- 对比闭音节 i 的短音 /ɪ/:big, six, pig, milk
- an English book 中用 an,因为 English 以元音音素开头
- maths book(英式拼写)= math book(美式拼写),课本用 maths book
- candy 作不可数名词时表示”糖果”统称,作可数名词时指一颗颗糖果
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| tall |
高的 |
adj. |
tall and strong |
| strong |
强壮的 |
adj. |
tall and strong |
| short |
矮的/短的 |
adj. |
short and thin |
| thin |
瘦的 |
adj. |
short and thin |
| friendly |
友好的 |
adj. |
a friendly girl |
| quiet |
安静的 |
adj. |
a quiet boy |
| hair |
头发 |
n. |
long hair |
| shoe |
鞋子 |
n. |
blue shoes |
| glasses |
眼镜 |
n. |
wear glasses |
| his |
他的 |
pron. |
his name |
| her |
她的 |
pron. |
her hair |
| friend |
朋友 |
n. |
my best friend |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| His name is Zhang Peng. |
他的名字叫张鹏。 |
His + name + is + 名字 |
| Her name is Amy. |
她的名字叫艾米。 |
Her + name + is + 名字 |
| He is tall and strong. |
他又高又壮。 |
描述外貌特征 |
| She has long hair. |
她有长头发。 |
She has + 特征 |
| He has glasses. |
他戴眼镜。 |
have/has 表示”有” |
| Who is he? |
他是谁? |
询问对方身份 |
- 物主代词 his/her:his(他的)修饰男性所有物,her(她的)修饰女性所有物。示例:his book, her bag
- have/has 的用法:I/you/we/they 用 have,he/she/it 用 has。示例:I have long hair. She has short hair.
- 描述外貌句型:He/She is + 形容词。He/She has + 特征。
- 字母 o-e 的发音:/oʊ/,如 nose, home, note, hope(o发字母本音,e不发音)
- 对比闭音节 o 的短音 /ɒ/:dog, box, hot, not
- his 和 her 的区别:his 用于男性,her 用于女性
- have 和 has 的区别:第三人称单数(he/she/it)用 has,其余用 have
- glasses 总是以复数形式出现,不能说 a glass(指眼镜时)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| cow |
奶牛 |
n. |
a big cow |
| sheep |
绵羊 |
n. |
five sheep(单复数同形) |
| horse |
马 |
n. |
a brown horse |
| hen |
母鸡 |
n. |
a hen |
| goat |
山羊 |
n. |
a goat |
| lamb |
小羊 |
n. |
a little lamb |
| tomato |
西红柿 |
n. |
tomatoes(复数) |
| potato |
土豆 |
n. |
potatoes(复数) |
| green bean |
豆角 |
n. |
green beans |
| carrot |
胡萝卜 |
n. |
a carrot |
| onion |
洋葱 |
n. |
an onion |
| farm |
农场 |
n. |
at the farm |
| these |
这些 |
pron. |
these tomatoes |
| those |
那些 |
pron. |
those potatoes |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| Are these cows? |
这些是奶牛吗? |
询问近处复数事物的身份 |
| Yes, they are. |
是的,它们是。 |
肯定回答 |
| No, they aren’t. |
不,它们不是。 |
否定回答 |
| Are those horses? |
那些是马吗? |
询问远处复数事物的身份 |
| What are these/those? |
这些/那些是什么? |
询问复数事物 |
| They are tomatoes. |
它们是西红柿。 |
回答用 They are… |
- these/those 与 this/that 对比:this/these 指近处,that/those 指远处。this/that 接单数,these/those 接复数。
- Are these/those…? 句型:be动词用 are(复数),回答 Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
- 名词复数特殊变化:sheep→sheep(单复数同形),tomato→tomatoes(加es),potato→potatoes(加es)
- 字母 u-e 的发音:/juː/,如 cute, use, tube, huge(u发字母本音,e不发音)
- 对比闭音节 u 的短音 /ʌ/:run, fun, cut, sun
- sheep 的单数和复数形式相同:one sheep, two sheep(不能说 sheeps)
- tomato 和 potato 的复数加 es:tomatoes, potatoes(不是 tomatos, potatos)
- Are these…? 回答用 they,不用 these:Yes, they are.(不能说 Yes, these are.)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| beef |
牛肉 |
n. |
some beef |
| chicken |
鸡肉 |
n. |
some chicken |
| noodles |
面条 |
n. |
a bowl of noodles |
| soup |
汤 |
n. |
some soup |
| vegetable |
蔬菜 |
n. |
vegetables(复数) |
| bread |
面包 |
n. |
some bread |
| fish |
鱼 |
n. |
eat fish |
| rice |
米饭 |
n. |
a bowl of rice |
| dinner |
晚餐 |
n. |
dinner’s ready |
| ready |
准备好的 |
adj. |
be ready |
| help yourself |
请自便 |
— |
Help yourself to some fish. |
| chopsticks |
筷子 |
n. |
use chopsticks |
| bowl |
碗 |
n. |
a bowl |
| fork |
叉子 |
n. |
a fork |
| knife |
刀 |
n. |
a knife |
| spoon |
勺子 |
n. |
a spoon |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What would you like? |
你想要什么? |
询问对方想要什么 |
| I’d like some beef, please. |
我想要些牛肉。 |
I’d like = I would like |
| Dinner’s ready! |
晚饭好了! |
告知饭菜准备好了 |
| Help yourself. |
请自便/随便吃。 |
请客人用餐时的客套话 |
| Would you like a knife and fork? |
你想要刀叉吗? |
询问对方是否需要 |
- What would you like? 句型:比 What do you want? 更礼貌。回答用 I’d like + 食物
- 不可数名词:beef, chicken, soup, bread, rice, fish 作食物讲时为不可数名词
- some 的用法:用于肯定句中不可数名词或复数名词前。示例:some soup, some vegetables
- 字母 e 的发音规律总结:
- 开音节 /iː/:he, she, me, we
- 闭音节 /e/:red, pen, ten, bed
- e 开头组合 /iː/:eat, beef, meet, see
- noodles 总是用复数形式,不能说 a noodle
- I’d like = I would like,撇号不能遗漏
- Help yourself 后可接 to + 食物:Help yourself to some beef.(请自便吃些牛肉。)
- chicken 作”鸡肉”讲不可数,作”小鸡”讲可数(a chicken)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| father |
父亲 |
n. |
my father |
| mother |
母亲 |
n. |
my mother |
| uncle |
叔叔/舅舅 |
n. |
my uncle |
| aunt |
阿姨/姑姑 |
n. |
my aunt |
| baby brother |
小弟弟 |
n. |
a baby brother |
| cousin |
堂/表兄弟姐妹 |
n. |
my cousin |
| family |
家庭 |
n. |
my family |
| people |
人们 |
n. |
three people |
| driver |
司机 |
n. |
a taxi driver |
| doctor |
医生 |
n. |
a good doctor |
| nurse |
护士 |
n. |
a nurse |
| teacher |
老师 |
n. |
an English teacher |
| student |
学生 |
n. |
a student |
| cook |
厨师 |
n./v. |
a cook / cook dinner |
| football player |
足球运动员 |
n. |
a football player |
| job |
工作 |
n. |
What’s your job? |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| How many people are there in your family? |
你家有几口人? |
询问家庭人数 |
| There are three. |
有三口人。 |
用 There are + 数字回答 |
| What’s your father’s job? |
你爸爸是做什么的? |
询问对方家人的职业 |
| He’s a doctor. |
他是一名医生。 |
用 He’s/She’s + a + 职业回答 |
| Is this your uncle? |
这是你的叔叔吗? |
一般疑问句 |
| What’s your aunt’s job? |
你的阿姨是做什么的? |
询问家人职业 |
- How many people are there…? 句型:There be 句型疑问式,询问某处有多少人/物。回答 There are + 数字。
- 名词所有格:在名词后加 ‘s 表示”……的”。示例:father’s job(爸爸的工作),Amy’s brother(艾米的兄弟)
- 职业表达:He/She is a + 职业名词。示例:She is a teacher.(她是一名老师。)
- 元音字母组合复习:
- a-e /eɪ/:cake, make, name
- i-e /aɪ/:like, kite, five
- o-e /oʊ/:nose, home, note
- u-e /juː/:cute, use, tube
- e /iː/:he, she, me, we
- cook 作名词是”厨师”,作动词是”做饭”,注意区分:He is a cook.(他是厨师。)He cooks dinner.(他做晚饭。)
- people 本身就是复数(人们),不能说 peoples(除非指”民族”)
- 名词所有格的写法:以 s 结尾的复数名词只加 ‘:teachers’ room(老师们的办公室)
- What’s your father’s job? = What does your father do? 两种问法意思相同
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