20260730 143025 小学英语六年级上册知识点全梳理
20260730_143025_小学英语六年级上册知识点全梳理.md
发布日期:2026年07月30日
文件:20260730_143025_小学英语六年级上册知识点全梳理.md
最后修改:2026-07-30 14:30:25
依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教版PEP小学英语六年级上册教材整理
| 单元 |
单元主题 |
核心知识点 |
| Unit 1 |
How can I get there? |
方位场所词汇、问路指路句型 |
| Unit 2 |
Ways to go to school |
交通方式词汇、How do you come to school?句型 |
| Unit 3 |
My weekend plan |
一般将来时be going to、What are you going to do?句型 |
| Unit 4 |
I have a pen pal |
爱好活动词汇、Does he/she…?句型 |
| Unit 5 |
What does he do? |
职业词汇、What does he/she do?句型 |
| Unit 6 |
How do you feel? |
情绪健康词汇、How do you feel?/What should I do?句型 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| hospital |
医院 |
n. |
go to the hospital |
| cinema |
电影院 |
n. |
go to the cinema |
| bookstore |
书店 |
n. |
a new bookstore |
| science museum |
科学博物馆 |
n. |
visit the science museum |
| post office |
邮局 |
n. |
near the post office |
| library |
图书馆 |
n. |
in the library |
| turn left |
向左转 |
v. |
turn left at the corner |
| turn right |
向右转 |
v. |
turn right at the school |
| go straight |
直走 |
v. |
go straight ahead |
| crossing |
十字路口 |
n. |
at the crossing |
| next to |
紧挨着 |
prep. |
next to the park |
| near |
在……附近 |
prep. |
near the hospital |
| in front of |
在……前面 |
prep. |
in front of the school |
| behind |
在……后面 |
prep. |
behind the library |
| between |
在……之间 |
prep. |
between A and B |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| Where is the museum shop? |
博物馆商店在哪里? |
询问地点位置 |
| It’s near the door. |
在门附近。 |
用介词短语回答方位 |
| How can I get there? |
我怎么去那里? |
询问到达路线 |
| Turn left at the cinema. |
在电影院左转。 |
指路用语 |
| Is there a hospital near here? |
附近有医院吗? |
There be 疑问句 |
| Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. |
是的,有。/ 不,没有。 |
标准回答 |
- Where is…? 句型:询问地点,回答用 It’s + 介词短语(in/on/near/next to/between…)
- How can I get there?:询问到达方式,there 是副词,前面不加 to(不说 get to there)
- 方位介词:next to(紧挨着)、near(附近)、in front of(前面)、behind(后面)、between…and…(在两者之间)
- 字母组合 ou 和 ow 的发音:
- ou /aʊ/:house, mouse, out, about, count, mouth, cloud
- ow /aʊ/:cow, how, now, brown, down, flower, town
- 注意 ou 和 ow 都可发双元音 /aʊ/
- get there 中 there 前不加 to(there 是副词),但 get to the park 中 park 前要加 to
- in front of(在……前面)和 in the front of(在……前部)不同:前者在外部,后者在内部
- between 用于”两者之间”,among 用于”三者或以上之间”
- bookstore = book + store,合成的复合名词
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| by bus |
乘公共汽车 |
— |
I go by bus. |
| by bike |
骑自行车 |
— |
go by bike |
| on foot |
步行 |
— |
go to school on foot |
| by subway |
乘地铁 |
— |
by subway |
| by train |
乘火车 |
— |
by train |
| by plane |
乘飞机 |
— |
by plane |
| by ship |
乘船 |
— |
by ship |
| by ferry |
乘渡船 |
— |
by ferry |
| bus |
公共汽车 |
n. |
take a bus |
| sled |
雪橇 |
n. |
drive a sled |
| traffic light |
交通灯 |
n. |
at the traffic light |
| stop and wait |
停下等待 |
v. |
stop and wait at a red light |
| slow down and stop |
减速停下 |
v. |
slow down at a yellow light |
| go |
行走 |
v. |
go at a green light |
| helmet |
头盔 |
n. |
wear a helmet |
| Munich |
慕尼黑 |
n. |
children in Munich |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| How do you come to school? |
你怎么来学校? |
询问交通方式 |
| I come by bus. / Usually, I come on foot. |
我乘公共汽车。/ 通常步行。 |
用 by + 交通工具回答 |
| How do you go to the park? |
你怎么去公园? |
询问去某地的方式 |
| I go by bike. |
我骑自行车去。 |
by + 工具,无冠词 |
| Don’t go at the red light! |
不要闯红灯! |
祈使句否定形式 |
| You must wear a helmet. |
你必须戴头盔。 |
must 表示必须 |
- How do you come to school?:询问交通方式,回答用 by + 交通工具。注意 步行是 on foot(不是 by foot)
- by + 交通工具:by 后不加 a/the(by bus, by bike),但 take a bus / ride a bike 要加冠词
- 交通规则:red light → stop and wait;yellow light → slow down and stop;green light → go
- must 的用法:must + 动词原形,表示”必须”。You must stop.(你必须停下。)
- 字母组合 oo 和 ou 的发音:
- oo /uː/(长音):food, noodles, room, zoo, balloon, cool, moon
- oo /ʊ/(短音):book, look, good, foot, cook, wood
- ou /aʊ/:house, mouth, about, count, out, cloud
- 步行是 on foot(不是 by foot),其他交通工具用 by
- by bus 中 bus 前不加 the/a,但 take the bus / take a bus 可加冠词
- come to school(来学校)要先到目的地,所以用 to;go home 中 home 是副词,不加 to
- must 后接动词原形:You must stop.(不是 must stopping)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| visit |
拜访/参观 |
v. |
visit my grandparents |
| go to the cinema |
去看电影 |
v. |
go to the cinema tonight |
| take a trip |
去旅行 |
v. |
take a trip next week |
| go to the supermarket |
去超市 |
v. |
go to the supermarket |
| this morning |
今天早上 |
— |
this morning |
| this afternoon |
今天下午 |
— |
this afternoon |
| this evening |
今天晚上 |
— |
this evening |
| tonight |
今晚 |
adv. |
tonight |
| tomorrow |
明天 |
adv. |
tomorrow |
| next week |
下周 |
— |
next week |
| postcard |
明信片 |
n. |
send a postcard |
| dictionary |
字典 |
n. |
a new dictionary |
| comic book |
漫画书 |
n. |
read a comic book |
| word book |
单词本 |
n. |
a word book |
| space |
太空 |
n. |
travel to space |
| travel |
旅行 |
v. |
travel to Beijing |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What are you going to do tomorrow? |
你明天打算做什么? |
be going to 表将来计划 |
| I’m going to take a trip. |
我打算去旅行。 |
I’m going to + 动词 |
| Where are you going? |
你打算去哪里? |
询问目的地 |
| I’m going to the cinema. |
我要去电影院。 |
be going to + 地点 |
| When are you going? |
你打算什么时候去? |
询问时间 |
| Next Wednesday. |
下周三。 |
简略时间回答 |
- 一般将来时 be going to:表示打算/计划做某事。结构:主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形
- I am going to read. / He is going to read. / We are going to read.
- be going to + 地点:表示”要去某地”,省略动词。I’m going to the park.(= I’m going to go to the park.)
- 将来时间标志词:tomorrow, next week, tonight, this weekend, next Monday
- will 与 be going to:be going to 强调计划打算;will 表示临时决定或 predictions。六年级上册重点掌握 be going to
- 字母组合 i_e 和 ou 的发音:
- i_e /aɪ/:bike, kite, ride, like, rice, time, nine, five
- ou /aʊ/:house, mouse, out, about, count, mouth, cloud
- be going to 后接动词原形:I’m going to read.(不是 going to reading)
- be going to 中 be 动词随主语变化:I am / He is / They are going to…
- this morning/afternoon/evening 以及 tomorrow, next week 前不加介词 in/on
- “去某地”用 be going to + 地点,to 后接名词:going to the park(不是 going the park)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| hobby |
爱好 |
n. |
my hobby is… |
| read stories |
读故事 |
v. |
read stories every day |
| do kung fu |
练功夫 |
v. |
do kung fu on weekends |
| sing |
唱歌 |
v. |
sing English songs |
| dance |
跳舞 |
v. |
dance well |
| swim |
游泳 |
v. |
swim in summer |
| play football |
踢足球 |
v. |
play football after school |
| climb mountains |
爬山 |
v. |
climb mountains on weekends |
| listen to music |
听音乐 |
v. |
listen to music |
| study Chinese |
学中文 |
v. |
study Chinese in China |
| cook |
烹饪 |
v. |
cook Chinese food |
| pen pal |
笔友 |
n. |
have a pen pal |
| live |
居住 |
v. |
live in China |
| teach |
教 |
v. |
teach English |
| amazing |
令人惊奇的 |
adj. |
an amazing hobby |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What are your hobbies? |
你的爱好是什么? |
询问爱好(复数形式) |
| I like reading stories. |
我喜欢读故事。 |
like + doing |
| Does he like doing kung fu? |
他喜欢练功夫吗? |
第三人称单数疑问句 |
| Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. |
是的,他喜欢。/ 不,他不喜欢。 |
does 引导的回答 |
| What does she like doing? |
她喜欢做什么? |
询问第三人称爱好 |
| She likes singing and dancing. |
她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 |
likes + doing |
- like + doing:表示”喜欢做某事”,动名词 doing 作宾语。I like reading. / She likes dancing.
- Does he/she…? 句型:第三人称单数疑问句,用助动词 does 提前,动词恢复原形。Does he like…?(不是 Does he likes…?)
- 第三人称单数肯定句:He likes reading.(动词加 -s)。否定句:He doesn’t like reading.
- does/doesn’t 代替动词:— Does he swim? — Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
- 字母组合 ay 和 ai 的发音:/eɪ/
- ay:day, say, play, way, Monday, today, may
- ai:rain, train, wait, email, paint, sail, aim
- ay 通常在词尾,ai 通常在词中
- like 后接动词 ing 形式:like reading(不是 like read 或 like to read 也可,但 PEP 教材重点考 doing 形式)
- Does he…? 中动词用原形,但肯定句 He likes… 中动词加 -s
- doesn’t = does not,后面接动词原形:He doesn’t like swimming.
- hobby 的复数是 hobbies(y 变 i 加 es)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| factory worker |
工厂工人 |
n. |
work in a factory |
| postman |
邮递员 |
n. |
复数 postmen |
| businessman |
商人 |
n. |
复数 businesswomen |
| police officer |
警察 |
n. |
a brave police officer |
| fisherman |
渔夫 |
n. |
复数 fishermen |
| scientist |
科学家 |
n. |
a famous scientist |
| pilot |
飞行员 |
n. |
a pilot flies planes |
| coach |
教练 |
n. |
a football coach |
| head teacher |
校长 |
n. |
our head teacher |
| reporter |
记者 |
n. |
a news reporter |
| factory |
工厂 |
n. |
a shoe factory |
| sea |
海 |
n. |
work at sea |
| type |
打字 |
v. |
type quickly |
| university |
大学 |
n. |
go to university |
| if |
如果 |
conj. |
If you like… |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What does he do? |
他是做什么的? |
询问职业 |
| He’s a businessman. |
他是商人。 |
主语 + is a + 职业 |
| What does your father do? |
你爸爸是做什么的? |
询问家人的职业 |
| He’s a police officer. |
他是警察。 |
直接回答职业 |
| Where does he work? |
他在哪里工作? |
询问工作地点 |
| He works at sea. |
他在海上工作。 |
work + 介词 + 地点 |
| How does he go to work? |
他怎么去上班? |
询问上班交通方式 |
| He goes to work by bike. |
他骑车上班。 |
by + 交通工具 |
- What does…do? 句型:询问职业,does 是助动词(第三人称单数),后接动词原形 do。回答用 He/She is a + 职业
- Where does…work?:询问工作地点,回答 He/She works + 介词 + 地点
- 第三人称单数动词变化:work→works, go→goes, fly→flies, study→studies, teach→teaches
- 职业名词的性别区分:postman/postwoman, businessman/businesswoman, fisherman/fisherwoman。police officer 为通用说法,不分性别
- 字母组合 oy 和 oi 的发音:/ɔɪ/
- oy:boy, toy, enjoy, soy, Joy
- oi:coin, oil, join, point, boil, soil, voice
- oy 通常在词尾,oi 通常在词中
- What does he do? 中 does 是助动词,do 是实义动词,动词用原形(不是 does he does)
- 回答职业用 He is a…(不能说 He do a…)
- postman 复数为 postmen(man→men),fisherman 复数为 fishermen
- a/an 选择:an office worker(元音开头用 an),a factory worker(辅音开头用 a)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| angry |
生气的 |
adj. |
feel angry |
| afraid |
害怕的 |
adj. |
be afraid of… |
| sad |
伤心的 |
adj. |
feel sad |
| worried |
担心的 |
adj. |
be worried about… |
| happy |
高兴的 |
adj. |
feel happy |
| ill |
生病的 |
adj. |
feel ill |
| well |
健康的 |
adj. |
feel well |
| see a doctor |
看医生 |
v. |
You should see a doctor. |
| wear warm clothes |
穿暖和衣服 |
v. |
wear warm clothes |
| take a deep breath |
深呼吸 |
v. |
take a deep breath and count to ten |
| count to ten |
数到十 |
v. |
count to ten |
| chase |
追赶 |
v. |
chase the mice |
| mouse |
老鼠 |
n. |
复数 mice |
| hurt |
受伤/使疼痛 |
v. |
my leg hurts |
| should |
应该 |
aux. |
You should… |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| How do you feel? |
你感觉怎么样? |
询问情绪/身体状况 |
| I feel happy. / I’m sad. |
我很开心。/ 我很伤心。 |
用情绪形容词回答 |
| What should I do? |
我该怎么办? |
询问建议 |
| You should see a doctor. |
你应该去看医生。 |
should + 动词原形给建议 |
| How does he feel? |
他感觉怎么样? |
询问第三人称的感受 |
| He is angry. |
他很生气。 |
第三人称用 is |
| What’s wrong? |
怎么了? |
询问出了什么事 |
- How do you feel? / How does he feel?:询问感受。第一/二人称用 do,第三人称单数用 does
- What should I do? / You should…:should + 动词原形,表示”应该做某事”。should 是情态动词,无人称变化(I should / He should)
- 情绪形容词搭配:be afraid of…(害怕……);be worried about…(担心……);feel angry/sad/happy(感觉……)
- should 的否定:should not = shouldn’t(不应该)
- 句子重音与语调:
- 感叹句用降调:What a nice day! ↘
- 一般疑问句用升调:Are you sad? ↗
- 特殊疑问句用降调:How do you feel? ↘
- 选择疑问句前升后降:Is he angry ↗ or sad ↘?
- should 后接动词原形:You should see a doctor.(不是 should seeing)
- should 无人称变化:He should go.(不是 should goes)
- afraid 后接 of:I’m afraid of dogs.(不说 afraid dogs)
- worried 后接 about:I’m worried about him.(不说 worried him)
- mice 是 mouse 的复数(不规则变化),不是 mouses
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