20260730 143025 小学英语六年级上册知识点全梳理

20260730_143025_小学英语六年级上册知识点全梳理.md

小学英语·六年级上册知识点全梳理

依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教版PEP小学英语六年级上册教材整理


学习内容概览

单元 单元主题 核心知识点
Unit 1 How can I get there? 方位场所词汇、问路指路句型
Unit 2 Ways to go to school 交通方式词汇、How do you come to school?句型
Unit 3 My weekend plan 一般将来时be going to、What are you going to do?句型
Unit 4 I have a pen pal 爱好活动词汇、Does he/she…?句型
Unit 5 What does he do? 职业词汇、What does he/she do?句型
Unit 6 How do you feel? 情绪健康词汇、How do you feel?/What should I do?句型

Unit 1 How can I get there?

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
hospital 医院 n. go to the hospital
cinema 电影院 n. go to the cinema
bookstore 书店 n. a new bookstore
science museum 科学博物馆 n. visit the science museum
post office 邮局 n. near the post office
library 图书馆 n. in the library
turn left 向左转 v. turn left at the corner
turn right 向右转 v. turn right at the school
go straight 直走 v. go straight ahead
crossing 十字路口 n. at the crossing
next to 紧挨着 prep. next to the park
near 在……附近 prep. near the hospital
in front of 在……前面 prep. in front of the school
behind 在……后面 prep. behind the library
between 在……之间 prep. between A and B

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
Where is the museum shop? 博物馆商店在哪里? 询问地点位置
It’s near the door. 在门附近。 用介词短语回答方位
How can I get there? 我怎么去那里? 询问到达路线
Turn left at the cinema. 在电影院左转。 指路用语
Is there a hospital near here? 附近有医院吗? There be 疑问句
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. 是的,有。/ 不,没有。 标准回答

三、语法要点

  • Where is…? 句型:询问地点,回答用 It’s + 介词短语(in/on/near/next to/between…)
  • How can I get there?:询问到达方式,there 是副词,前面不加 to(不说 get to there)
  • 方位介词:next to(紧挨着)、near(附近)、in front of(前面)、behind(后面)、between…and…(在两者之间)

四、语音知识

  • 字母组合 ou 和 ow 的发音:
  • ou /aʊ/:house, mouse, out, about, count, mouth, cloud
  • ow /aʊ/:cow, how, now, brown, down, flower, town
  • 注意 ou 和 ow 都可发双元音 /aʊ/

五、易错点提醒

  • get there 中 there 前不加 to(there 是副词),但 get to the park 中 park 前要加 to
  • in front of(在……前面)和 in the front of(在……前部)不同:前者在外部,后者在内部
  • between 用于”两者之间”,among 用于”三者或以上之间”
  • bookstore = book + store,合成的复合名词

Unit 2 Ways to go to school

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
by bus 乘公共汽车 I go by bus.
by bike 骑自行车 go by bike
on foot 步行 go to school on foot
by subway 乘地铁 by subway
by train 乘火车 by train
by plane 乘飞机 by plane
by ship 乘船 by ship
by ferry 乘渡船 by ferry
bus 公共汽车 n. take a bus
sled 雪橇 n. drive a sled
traffic light 交通灯 n. at the traffic light
stop and wait 停下等待 v. stop and wait at a red light
slow down and stop 减速停下 v. slow down at a yellow light
go 行走 v. go at a green light
helmet 头盔 n. wear a helmet
Munich 慕尼黑 n. children in Munich

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
How do you come to school? 你怎么来学校? 询问交通方式
I come by bus. / Usually, I come on foot. 我乘公共汽车。/ 通常步行。 用 by + 交通工具回答
How do you go to the park? 你怎么去公园? 询问去某地的方式
I go by bike. 我骑自行车去。 by + 工具,无冠词
Don’t go at the red light! 不要闯红灯! 祈使句否定形式
You must wear a helmet. 你必须戴头盔。 must 表示必须

三、语法要点

  • How do you come to school?:询问交通方式,回答用 by + 交通工具。注意 步行是 on foot(不是 by foot)
  • by + 交通工具:by 后不加 a/the(by bus, by bike),但 take a bus / ride a bike 要加冠词
  • 交通规则:red light → stop and wait;yellow light → slow down and stop;green light → go
  • must 的用法:must + 动词原形,表示”必须”。You must stop.(你必须停下。)

四、语音知识

  • 字母组合 oo 和 ou 的发音:
  • oo /uː/(长音):food, noodles, room, zoo, balloon, cool, moon
  • oo /ʊ/(短音):book, look, good, foot, cook, wood
  • ou /aʊ/:house, mouth, about, count, out, cloud

五、易错点提醒

  • 步行是 on foot(不是 by foot),其他交通工具用 by
  • by bus 中 bus 前不加 the/a,但 take the bus / take a bus 可加冠词
  • come to school(来学校)要先到目的地,所以用 to;go home 中 home 是副词,不加 to
  • must 后接动词原形:You must stop.(不是 must stopping)

Unit 3 My weekend plan

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
visit 拜访/参观 v. visit my grandparents
go to the cinema 去看电影 v. go to the cinema tonight
take a trip 去旅行 v. take a trip next week
go to the supermarket 去超市 v. go to the supermarket
this morning 今天早上 this morning
this afternoon 今天下午 this afternoon
this evening 今天晚上 this evening
tonight 今晚 adv. tonight
tomorrow 明天 adv. tomorrow
next week 下周 next week
postcard 明信片 n. send a postcard
dictionary 字典 n. a new dictionary
comic book 漫画书 n. read a comic book
word book 单词本 n. a word book
space 太空 n. travel to space
travel 旅行 v. travel to Beijing

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么? be going to 表将来计划
I’m going to take a trip. 我打算去旅行。 I’m going to + 动词
Where are you going? 你打算去哪里? 询问目的地
I’m going to the cinema. 我要去电影院。 be going to + 地点
When are you going? 你打算什么时候去? 询问时间
Next Wednesday. 下周三。 简略时间回答

三、语法要点

  • 一般将来时 be going to:表示打算/计划做某事。结构:主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形
  • I am going to read. / He is going to read. / We are going to read.
  • be going to + 地点:表示”要去某地”,省略动词。I’m going to the park.(= I’m going to go to the park.)
  • 将来时间标志词:tomorrow, next week, tonight, this weekend, next Monday
  • will 与 be going to:be going to 强调计划打算;will 表示临时决定或 predictions。六年级上册重点掌握 be going to

四、语音知识

  • 字母组合 i_e 和 ou 的发音:
  • i_e /aɪ/:bike, kite, ride, like, rice, time, nine, five
  • ou /aʊ/:house, mouse, out, about, count, mouth, cloud

五、易错点提醒

  • be going to 后接动词原形:I’m going to read.(不是 going to reading)
  • be going to 中 be 动词随主语变化:I am / He is / They are going to…
  • this morning/afternoon/evening 以及 tomorrow, next week 前不加介词 in/on
  • “去某地”用 be going to + 地点,to 后接名词:going to the park(不是 going the park)

Unit 4 I have a pen pal

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
hobby 爱好 n. my hobby is…
read stories 读故事 v. read stories every day
do kung fu 练功夫 v. do kung fu on weekends
sing 唱歌 v. sing English songs
dance 跳舞 v. dance well
swim 游泳 v. swim in summer
play football 踢足球 v. play football after school
climb mountains 爬山 v. climb mountains on weekends
listen to music 听音乐 v. listen to music
study Chinese 学中文 v. study Chinese in China
cook 烹饪 v. cook Chinese food
pen pal 笔友 n. have a pen pal
live 居住 v. live in China
teach v. teach English
amazing 令人惊奇的 adj. an amazing hobby

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
What are your hobbies? 你的爱好是什么? 询问爱好(复数形式)
I like reading stories. 我喜欢读故事。 like + doing
Does he like doing kung fu? 他喜欢练功夫吗? 第三人称单数疑问句
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的,他喜欢。/ 不,他不喜欢。 does 引导的回答
What does she like doing? 她喜欢做什么? 询问第三人称爱好
She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 likes + doing

三、语法要点

  • like + doing:表示”喜欢做某事”,动名词 doing 作宾语。I like reading. / She likes dancing.
  • Does he/she…? 句型:第三人称单数疑问句,用助动词 does 提前,动词恢复原形。Does he like…?(不是 Does he likes…?)
  • 第三人称单数肯定句:He likes reading.(动词加 -s)。否定句:He doesn’t like reading.
  • does/doesn’t 代替动词:— Does he swim? — Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

四、语音知识

  • 字母组合 ay 和 ai 的发音:/eɪ/
  • ay:day, say, play, way, Monday, today, may
  • ai:rain, train, wait, email, paint, sail, aim
  • ay 通常在词尾,ai 通常在词中

五、易错点提醒

  • like 后接动词 ing 形式:like reading(不是 like read 或 like to read 也可,但 PEP 教材重点考 doing 形式)
  • Does he…? 中动词用原形,但肯定句 He likes… 中动词加 -s
  • doesn’t = does not,后面接动词原形:He doesn’t like swimming.
  • hobby 的复数是 hobbies(y 变 i 加 es)

Unit 5 What does he do?

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
factory worker 工厂工人 n. work in a factory
postman 邮递员 n. 复数 postmen
businessman 商人 n. 复数 businesswomen
police officer 警察 n. a brave police officer
fisherman 渔夫 n. 复数 fishermen
scientist 科学家 n. a famous scientist
pilot 飞行员 n. a pilot flies planes
coach 教练 n. a football coach
head teacher 校长 n. our head teacher
reporter 记者 n. a news reporter
factory 工厂 n. a shoe factory
sea n. work at sea
type 打字 v. type quickly
university 大学 n. go to university
if 如果 conj. If you like…

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
What does he do? 他是做什么的? 询问职业
He’s a businessman. 他是商人。 主语 + is a + 职业
What does your father do? 你爸爸是做什么的? 询问家人的职业
He’s a police officer. 他是警察。 直接回答职业
Where does he work? 他在哪里工作? 询问工作地点
He works at sea. 他在海上工作。 work + 介词 + 地点
How does he go to work? 他怎么去上班? 询问上班交通方式
He goes to work by bike. 他骑车上班。 by + 交通工具

三、语法要点

  • What does…do? 句型:询问职业,does 是助动词(第三人称单数),后接动词原形 do。回答用 He/She is a + 职业
  • Where does…work?:询问工作地点,回答 He/She works + 介词 + 地点
  • 第三人称单数动词变化:work→works, go→goes, fly→flies, study→studies, teach→teaches
  • 职业名词的性别区分:postman/postwoman, businessman/businesswoman, fisherman/fisherwoman。police officer 为通用说法,不分性别

四、语音知识

  • 字母组合 oy 和 oi 的发音:/ɔɪ/
  • oy:boy, toy, enjoy, soy, Joy
  • oi:coin, oil, join, point, boil, soil, voice
  • oy 通常在词尾,oi 通常在词中

五、易错点提醒

  • What does he do? 中 does 是助动词,do 是实义动词,动词用原形(不是 does he does)
  • 回答职业用 He is a…(不能说 He do a…)
  • postman 复数为 postmen(man→men),fisherman 复数为 fishermen
  • a/an 选择:an office worker(元音开头用 an),a factory worker(辅音开头用 a)

Unit 6 How do you feel?

一、核心词汇

英文 中文 词性 用法/搭配
angry 生气的 adj. feel angry
afraid 害怕的 adj. be afraid of…
sad 伤心的 adj. feel sad
worried 担心的 adj. be worried about…
happy 高兴的 adj. feel happy
ill 生病的 adj. feel ill
well 健康的 adj. feel well
see a doctor 看医生 v. You should see a doctor.
wear warm clothes 穿暖和衣服 v. wear warm clothes
take a deep breath 深呼吸 v. take a deep breath and count to ten
count to ten 数到十 v. count to ten
chase 追赶 v. chase the mice
mouse 老鼠 n. 复数 mice
hurt 受伤/使疼痛 v. my leg hurts
should 应该 aux. You should…

二、核心句型

句型 中文意思 用法说明
How do you feel? 你感觉怎么样? 询问情绪/身体状况
I feel happy. / I’m sad. 我很开心。/ 我很伤心。 用情绪形容词回答
What should I do? 我该怎么办? 询问建议
You should see a doctor. 你应该去看医生。 should + 动词原形给建议
How does he feel? 他感觉怎么样? 询问第三人称的感受
He is angry. 他很生气。 第三人称用 is
What’s wrong? 怎么了? 询问出了什么事

三、语法要点

  • How do you feel? / How does he feel?:询问感受。第一/二人称用 do,第三人称单数用 does
  • What should I do? / You should…:should + 动词原形,表示”应该做某事”。should 是情态动词,无人称变化(I should / He should)
  • 情绪形容词搭配:be afraid of…(害怕……);be worried about…(担心……);feel angry/sad/happy(感觉……)
  • should 的否定:should not = shouldn’t(不应该)

四、语音知识

  • 句子重音与语调:
  • 感叹句用降调:What a nice day! ↘
  • 一般疑问句用升调:Are you sad? ↗
  • 特殊疑问句用降调:How do you feel? ↘
  • 选择疑问句前升后降:Is he angry ↗ or sad ↘?

五、易错点提醒

  • should 后接动词原形:You should see a doctor.(不是 should seeing)
  • should 无人称变化:He should go.(不是 should goes)
  • afraid 后接 of:I’m afraid of dogs.(不说 afraid dogs)
  • worried 后接 about:I’m worried about him.(不说 worried him)
  • mice 是 mouse 的复数(不规则变化),不是 mouses

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