20260730 155738 高中英语高三下册知识点全梳理高考总复习

高中英语·高三下册知识点全梳理（高考总复习）¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》系统梳理高考全部考点

学习内容概览¶

一、语法系统——时态语态全梳理¶

16种时态对比表¶

高频时态详解¶

1. 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
- 现在完成时强调对现在的影响：I have lost my key.（现在还没找到）
- 一般过去时强调过去事实：I lost my key yesterday.（仅陈述过去）

2. 过去完成时 — “过去的过去”
- 标志词：by the time, before, after, when, until
- 例：When I arrived, the train had left.

3. 将来完成时 — will have done
- 标志词：by + 将来时间
- 例：By next year, I will have graduated.

4. 现在完成进行时 — have been doing
- 强调动作持续到现在的过程
- 例：I have been studying for three hours.

被动语态体系¶

不可使用被动语态的情况：
- 不及物动词：happen, occur, appear, belong, consist
- 表示状态的及物动词：have, own, possess, fit, suit, lack
- 宾语为反身代词/相互代词：enjoy oneself, help each other

二、语法系统——非谓语动词¶

三种非谓语形式总览¶

不定式 to do¶

功能： 主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、表语

• 后接 to do 的动词：decide, hope, agree, plan, refuse, promise, manage, fail, choose, pretend, expect, offer
• 后接 sb. to do 的动词：tell, ask, want, allow, advise, permit, cause, enable, force, invite, expect
• 疑问词 + to do：I don’t know what to do.

动名词 doing¶

功能： 主语、宾语、表语、定语

• 后接 doing 的动词：enjoy, finish, avoid, mind, suggest, consider, practice, delay, escape, keep, resist, can’t help
• 介词后接 doing：be good at, look forward to, be used to, object to, insist on, give up, feel like
• to do 和 doing 意义不同的动词：
• stop doing（停止做）/ stop to do（停下来去做）
• remember doing（记得做过）/ remember to do（记得要做）
• forget doing（忘记做过）/ forget to do（忘记要做）
• try doing（尝试做看效果）/ try to do（努力做）
• mean doing（意味着）/ mean to do（打算做）

分词 doing / done¶

现在分词 doing： 表主动、进行
过去分词 done： 表被动、完成

三、语法系统——从句系统¶

定语从句 vs 名词性从句 vs 状语从句¶

定语从句重点¶

关系代词 that vs which：
- 只用 that：先行词为不定代词/被最高级修饰/被序数词修饰/被the only等修饰/先行词同时含人和物
- 只用 which：引导非限制性定语从句/介词后

as 引导定语从句：
- as 引导非限制性定语从句，可置句首：As is known to all, China is developing fast.
- the same… as / such… as

名词性从句重点¶

that 与 what 的区别：
- that：在从句中不充当成分，无意义，仅起连接作用
- what：在从句中充当主语/宾语/表语，意为”所……的”

whether 与 if 的区别：
- 主语从句/表语从句/同位语从句：只用 whether
- 宾语从句：whether 和 if 均可，但后接 or not 时只用 whether

状语从句分类¶

四、语法系统——虚拟语气与特殊句式¶

虚拟语气全面梳理¶

1. if 条件从句虚拟：

2. 省略 if 的倒装： Were I you / Had I known / Should it rain

3. wish 后虚拟： were/did（现在）/ had done（过去）/ would do（将来）

4. as if/as though 后虚拟： 与事实相反时用虚拟

5. 名词性从句中的虚拟（should + do）：
- suggest/order/demand/insist/require/request/propose/advice/recommend + that (should) do
- It is necessary/important/essential/urgent that (should) do
- My suggestion/advice is that (should) do

6. would rather 虚拟：
- would rather + 过去式（对现在/将来的愿望）
- would rather + 过去完成时（对过去的愿望）

7. It is (high) time that + 过去式/should do

特殊句式¶

1. 倒装：

2. 强调句： It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who…

3. 省略：
- 状语从句中的省略：While (I was) walking, I saw him.
- 不定式的省略：I want to go, but I can’t (go).

4. 主谓一致：

五、词汇专题¶

高频3500词分类记忆¶

熟词生义¶

常见词根词缀¶

六、阅读理解——7种题型解题策略¶

1. 主旨大意题¶

• 题干标志： main idea, best title, purpose, mainly about
• 策略： 关注首段末句和各段首句；注意反复出现的关键词；排除过于片面或过于宽泛的选项

2. 推理判断题¶

• 题干标志： infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude
• 策略： 基于文本信息合理推断，不凭空想象；选择有原文依据的选项；排除过度推断的选项

3. 细节理解题¶

• 题干标志： according to, which of the following, true/false
• 策略： 定位原文相关段落；逐项比对排除；注意同义替换

4. 词义猜测题¶

• 题干标志： the underlined word, closest in meaning to
• 策略： 利用上下文语境、定义解释、举例、对比关系猜测；注意词汇在语境中的具体含义

5. 作者态度题¶

• 题干标志： attitude, tone, feel about
• 策略： 寻找表达态度的形容词/副词；区分作者态度与文中人物态度；常见态度词：positive, negative, neutral, objective, subjective, critical, supportive, doubtful, optimistic, pessimistic

6. 篇章结构题¶

• 题干标志： organization, structure, how is the passage developed
• 策略： 识别文章模式（总分总、时间顺序、对比、因果、问题-解决）；注意段落间的逻辑关系词

7. 七选五（补全文章）¶

• 策略： 关注空格前后的逻辑衔接；利用代词指代关系；利用同义复现/反义对比；注意过渡句的承上启下功能

七、完形填空解题策略¶

解题步骤¶

1. 通读全文 — 把握文章主旨和情感基调
2. 逐空分析 — 结合上下文语境选择
3. 回读验证 — 检查全文连贯性

解题技巧¶

八、语法填空考点分布与技巧¶

纯空格题（约7个）¶

有提示词题（约3个）¶

九、写作专题¶

应用文模板¶

1. 建议信

Dear ..., 
I'm sorry to hear that you're having trouble with ... I'd like to offer some suggestions.
First, it would be a good idea to ... Second, you'd better ... Finally, ...
I hope these suggestions will be of some help to you.
Yours, 
Li Hua

2. 邀请信

Dear ..., 
I'm writing to invite you to ... The activity will be held at ... on ... 
During the event, we will ... It would be a great honor if you could join us.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours, 
Li Hua

3. 感谢信

Dear ..., 
I'm writing to express my sincere gratitude for your ... Without your help, I wouldn't have ... Your kindness and patience meant a lot to me.
Thank you again and wish you all the best.
Yours, 
Li Hua

4. 申请信

Dear Sir/Madam, 
I'm writing to apply for the position of ... I believe I am qualified for this position because ... 
First, I have ... Second, I am ... I would appreciate it if you could give me an opportunity for an interview.
Yours sincerely, 
Li Hua

5. 通知

Notice
A ... activity will be held on ... at ... All students are required to ... Please remember to ... 
Those who are interested should sign up before ...
Student Union

6. 演讲稿

Good morning, everyone. It is my honor to stand here and share my thoughts on ... 
First of all, ... What's more, ... Last but not least, ... 
Let's take action and ... Thank you for your listening.

读后续写¶

写作步骤：
1. 细读原文 — 理解故事背景、人物性格、情感线索
2. 分析段首句 — 确定续写方向和内容要点
3. 合理情节设计 — 第一段承接段首句发展，第二段衔接第一段并得出结尾
4. 语言风格一致 — 保持与原文一致的叙事视角和语言风格

高分技巧：
- 细节描写：动作描写、心理描写、环境描写
- 情感曲线：要有情感起伏和变化
- 衔接自然：使用过渡词使段落连贯
- 主题升华：结尾要有积极的价值观体现

概要写作¶

写作要点：
- 包含原文核心要点，不遗漏重要信息
- 不使用原文句子，用自己的语言概括
- 不加入个人评论或主观观点
- 控制在规定字数内（通常60-80词）
- 使用简洁的衔接词保持连贯

十、听力专题¶

场景词汇分类¶

听力技巧¶

高考备考建议¶

时间规划¶

答题时间分配（150分钟）¶

日常习惯¶

• 每天背诵30个高频词汇，结合语境记忆
• 每天限时阅读2-3篇，训练速度和理解力
• 每周写1-2篇作文，积累高级表达
• 整理错题本，定期复习薄弱知识点
• 坚持听力训练，熟悉不同口音和场景

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