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高中英语·高三上册知识点全梳理¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教版选择性必修第三册、第四册整理

学习内容概览¶

选必3 Unit 1 Art¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. wish + 虚拟语气
   - I wish I were a great painter.（与现在相反）
   - I wish I had visited the museum.（与过去相反）
   - I wish it would stop raining.（与将来相反）

2. as if / as though + 虚拟语气
   - He talks as if he knew everything about art.
   - She looks as if she had seen a ghost.

3. It is high time that + 过去式/should do
   - It is high time that we appreciated traditional art.

三、语法要点¶

虚拟语气综合¶

wish 后的虚拟语气：

as if/as though 后虚拟：
- 与现在相反：He treats me as if I were a child.
- 与过去相反：He talks as though he had been there.

其他虚拟语气用法：
- would rather + 过去式：I would rather you didn’t smoke.
- It is time that + 过去式：It is time that we left.
- suggest/demand/insist/order + (should) do：I suggest that he (should) go now.

四、写作指导¶

艺术评论写作要点：
- 描述作品内容与风格
- 分析技法与色彩运用
- 评价艺术价值与意义
- 表达个人审美感受

五、易错点提醒¶

• wish 与 hope 的区别：hope 后接真实可能的事，wish 后接虚拟
• as if 后可接真实情况（不用虚拟），看是否与事实相反
• would rather 后接动词原形，但接从句时用过去式

选必3 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 过去分词作状语
   - Motivated by the doctor’s words, he started exercising.
   - Given a proper diet, patients recover faster.

2. Not only… but also…（倒装）
   - Not only does exercise improve physical health, but it also benefits mental well-being.

3. It is reported that… — 据报道
   - It is reported that regular exercise can reduce anxiety by 50%.

三、语法要点¶

过去分词综合复习¶

过去分词的功能总结：

四、写作指导¶

健康生活类作文要点：
- 指出不良生活习惯的危害
- 阐述健康生活方式的要素
- 提供具体可操作的建议
- 呼吁养成良好习惯

五、易错点提醒¶

• physical（身体的）与 physics（物理学）不要混淆
• consist of 不可用被动形式
• moderate 意为”适度的”而非”现代的”（modern）

选必3 Unit 3 Environmental Protection¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 直接引语变间接引语
   - He said, “I am worried about climate change.” → He said (that) he was worried about climate change.
   - She asked, “Have you recycled the bottles?” → She asked if/whether I had recycled the bottles.

2. It is urgent that + (should) do — ……是紧迫的
   - It is urgent that we (should) take action to reduce carbon emissions.

3. The more… the more…
   - The more we protect the environment, the better our future will be.

三、语法要点¶

直接引语与间接引语¶

人称变化： I/we → he/she/they；my/our → his/her/their

时态变化（主句为过去时态时）：

指示词变化： this→that; these→those; here→there; now→then; today→that day; tomorrow→the next day; yesterday→the day before

疑问句变间接引语：
- 一般疑问句用 if/whether引导
- 特殊疑问句保留疑问词
- 语序改为陈述语序

四、写作指导¶

环保类议论文写作要点：
- 引出环境问题及其严重性
- 分析原因与后果
- 提出解决方案（政府/个人层面）
- 呼吁行动

五、易错点提醒¶

• 主句为现在时/将来时，间接引语时态不变化
• 祈使句变间接引语用 tell/ask sb. to do
• 疑问句变间接引语后语序为陈述语序（不是疑问语序）

选必3 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 动词时态综合运用
   - They had been sailing for months when the storm hit.（过去完成进行时）
   - By the time they were rescued, they had endured incredible hardships.

2. It was not until… that… — 直到……才
   - It was not until help arrived that they felt safe.

3. No matter how/what/where…
   - No matter how difficult the journey was, they never gave up.

三、语法要点¶

动词时态综合复习¶

时态呼应规则： 主句过去时，从句也需往过去推进一步。

四、写作指导¶

逆境与勇气类记叙文写作要点：
- 背景：交代逆境处境
- 发展：描述面对困难的行动
- 高潮：呈现关键时刻的抉择
- 胜利：展示克服困难的结果
- 感悟：升华主题

五、易错点提醒¶

• 过去完成进行时 had been doing 强调持续到过去某时
• survive 后接名词不加 from（survive the earthquake，不是 survive from）
• belongings（所有物）为复数名词

选必3 Unit 5 Poems¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 完全倒装
   - On the table lies a book of poems.（介词短语 + 不及物动词 + 主语）
   - Here comes the poet.

2. 部分倒装
   - Never have I read such a beautiful poem.（否定词置于句首）
   - Not only did he write poems, but he also painted.

3. Only + 状语 + 倒装
   - Only by reading poetry can we appreciate its beauty.

三、语法要点¶

倒装句¶

完全倒装： 谓语全部置于主语之前

部分倒装： 助动词/情态动词置于主语之前

四、写作指导¶

诗歌鉴赏/创作要点：
- 分析诗歌形式（押韵、节奏、结构）
- 解读意象与修辞手法
- 理解情感与主题
- 尝试仿写或创作短诗

五、易错点提醒¶

• here/there 引导倒装时，主语为代词则不倒装
• Not only… but also 中 only not also 后均需倒装？不对——只有 not only 置句首时前句倒装
• as 引导让步倒装时，名词前不加冠词

选必4 Unit 1 Science Fiction¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 将来完成时 — will have + 过去分词
   - By 2050, scientists will have created intelligent robots.
   - By next year, I will have graduated from university.

2. It is likely that… — 很可能
   - It is likely that AI will surpass human intelligence someday.

3. Whatever/However 引导让步状语从句
   - Whatever happens, humans must remain in control of technology.

三、语法要点¶

将来完成时¶

结构： will/shall have + 过去分词

将来时态对比：

四、写作指导¶

科幻故事写作要点：
- 构建合理的未来世界观
- 设定科学/技术元素
- 设计人物冲突（人vs机器）
- 探讨科技伦理问题
- 结尾可有悬念或反思

五、易错点提醒¶

• by + 将来时间 → 将来完成时；by + 过去时间 → 过去完成时
• superior to（不用 than）：A is superior to B
• obey 后不接 to（obey rules，不是 obey to rules）

选必4 Unit 2 Business¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. It 强调句
   - It was in 1990 that the company was founded.
   - It is hard work that leads to success.
   - It was Steve Jobs who/that founded Apple.

2. 强调句的一般疑问句
   - Was it in Beijing that you met him?

3. 强调句的特殊疑问句
   - Where was it that you lost your wallet?

三、语法要点¶

it 强调句¶

结构： It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其余部分

可强调的成分：
- 主语：It was Tom that/who broke the window.
- 宾语：It was the window that Tom broke.
- 状语：It was yesterday that Tom broke the window.

强调句的判断方法： 去掉 It is/was…that/who 后，剩余部分仍为完整句子。

强调句 vs 形式主语：
- 强调句：It was in 1990 that he was born.（去掉框架：In 1990 he was born. ✓ 完整）
- 形式主语：It is important to learn English.（去掉框架：important to learn English. ✗ 不完整）

not… until 的强调句：
- It was not until midnight that he came back.

四、写作指导¶

商业评论/报告写作要点：
- 介绍企业背景与市场环境
- 分析竞争优势与挑战
- 使用数据支撑论点
- 提出战略建议

五、易错点提醒¶

• 强调句强调人时可用 who 或 that，强调物/时间/地点等只能用 that
• 区分强调句和形式主语句：看去掉框架后句子是否完整
• economic（经济的）与 economical（节约的）含义不同

选必4 Unit 3 Sea Exploration¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 现在完成进行时 — has/have been + doing
   - Scientists have been studying the ocean depths for decades.
   - They have been exploring the Pacific for three months.

2. It has been proved that… — 已被证明
   - It has been proved that the ocean contains vast resources.

3. Whatever/No matter what 引导让步从句
   - No matter what challenges they face, marine biologists continue their research.

三、语法要点¶

现在完成进行时（复习深化）¶

结构： has/have been + 现在分词

与现在完成时对比：

四、写作指导¶

海洋探索类说明文写作要点：
- 介绍海洋探索的意义与价值
- 描述探索中的技术挑战
- 展示最新发现与成果
- 呼吁保护海洋环境

五、易错点提醒¶

• 状态动词（know/love/belong/seem/contain）一般不用进行时
• 现在完成进行时的否定形式较少使用
• equipment 是不可数名词

选必4 Unit 4 Sharing¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 非谓语动词综合运用
   - To help others is a rewarding experience.（不定式作主语）
   - Sharing what you have brings happiness.（动名词作主语）
   - Motivated by love, she volunteered in Africa.（过去分词作状语）

2. It is worthwhile to do/doing
   - It is worthwhile to volunteer at the nursing home.
   - It is worthwhile helping others.

3. Not only… but also…（倒装）
   - Not only does volunteering help others, but it also enriches your own life.

三、语法要点¶

非谓语动词综合¶

三种非谓语形式对比：

不定式 vs 动名词作主语/宾语：
- 不定式：强调具体、一次性、将来的动作
- 动名词：强调习惯性、抽象、已知的动作

后接 doing 的动词： enjoy, finish, avoid, mind, suggest, consider, practice, delay, escape, keep
后接 to do 的动词： decide, hope, agree, plan, refuse, promise, manage, fail, choose, pretend
后接 doing 和 to do 意义不同的动词：
- stop doing（停止做）/ stop to do（停下来去做）
- remember doing（记得做过）/ remember to do（记得要做）
- forget doing（忘记做过）/ forget to do（忘记要做）
- try doing（尝试做）/ try to do（努力做）

四、写作指导¶

关于志愿服务/分享的作文要点：
- 叙述志愿服务经历与感悟
- 阐述分享与奉献的意义
- 用具体事例感染读者
- 呼吁更多人参与

五、易错点提醒¶

• worthwhile（值得的）与 worth（值……的，后接金额/代价）用法不同
• be dying to 后接动词原形
• arrange for sb. to do（安排某人做）

选必4 Unit 5 Launching Your Career¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 长难句分析技巧
   - What matters most in a job interview is how you present yourself.（主语从句+表语从句）
   - The company that I applied to is one which values creativity.（两个定语从句）

2. It is essential that + (should) do
   - It is essential that you (should) prepare well for the interview.

3. The reason why… is that…
   - The reason why he got the job is that he has rich experience.

三、语法要点¶

长难句分析¶

面对长难句的分析步骤：
1. 找主句谓语动词，确定主干结构（主谓/主谓宾/主系表）
2. 识别从句类型（定语从句/名词性从句/状语从句）
3. 分析非谓语动词的修饰关系
4. 拆分意群，理解句意

常见长难句结构：

四、写作指导¶

求职信/个人陈述写作要点：
- 自我介绍：教育背景与经历
- 能力展示：阐述技能与优势
- 求职动机：表达对职位/公司的兴趣
- 结尾：表达面试期待，表示感谢

五、易错点提醒¶

• 长难句分析时先找主句谓语，不要被从句动词干扰
• job interview 中的 interview 是名词；interview sb. 中是动词
• apply for（申请某职位）/ apply to（向某机构申请）

AI生成

高中英语·高二下册知识点全梳理¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教版选择性必修第一册、第二册整理

学习内容概览¶

选必1 Unit 1 People of Achievement¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 非限制性定语从句
   - Tu Youyou, who was born in Ningbo, is a great scientist.
   - The medicine, which was extracted from sweet wormwood, saved millions of lives.

2. upon/on + doing — 一……就
   - Upon hearing the news, she burst into tears.

3. It is universally acknowledged that… — 众所周知
   - It is universally acknowledged that hard work leads to success.

三、语法要点¶

非限制性定语从句（复习与深化）¶

四、写作指导¶

人物传记写作要点：
- 按时间顺序组织
- 突出主要成就与贡献
- 引用人物名言
- 客观叙述与适当评价结合

五、易错点提醒¶

• 非限制性定语从句中 that 不可替代 which/who
• which 引导非限制性定语从句可指代前文整个句子
  | 介词+which 结构中介词的选择取决于从句动词搭配

选必1 Unit 2 Looking into the Future¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 将来进行时 — will be + doing
   - This time tomorrow, I will be flying to London.
   - In 2050, robots will be doing most household chores.

2. be likely to do — 可能做
   - AI is likely to change every aspect of our lives.

3. There is no doubt that… — 毫无疑问
   - There is no doubt that technology will continue to advance.

三、语法要点¶

将来进行时¶

结构： will/shall be + 现在分词

将来时态对比：

四、写作指导¶

关于未来的议论文写作要点：
- 导入：描述科技发展趋势
- 主体：分析利弊，提出观点
- 论证：使用事例和数据支撑
- 结论：总结展望并给出建议

五、易错点提醒¶

• 将来进行时不用于表”意愿”或”承诺”，用一般将来时
• be likely to 中 likely 是形容词，不是副词
• resist 后接 doing（resist doing sth.）

选必1 Unit 3 Fascinating Parks¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. -ing 形式作定语
   - The sleeping baby looks cute.（前置定语）
   - The man standing by the river is a photographer.（后置定语）

2. -ing 形式作状语
   - Walking along the trail, we saw a deer.（时间/伴随状语）
   - Not knowing the way, he asked a local for help.（原因状语）

3. 独立主格结构
   - Weather permitting, we will go hiking tomorrow.

三、语法要点¶

-ing 形式作定语和状语¶

-ing 作定语：
- 单个 v-ing 前置：a running dog, boiling water
- v-ing 短语后置（相当于定语从句）：The girl sitting next to me (= who is sitting next to me) is my sister.

-ing 作状语：

四、写作指导¶

公园/自然景观描写要点：
- 按空间或路线顺序展开
- 运用感官细节描写（视觉、听觉、嗅觉）
- 使用丰富的形容词和比喻
- 融入对自然的感悟

五、易错点提醒¶

• -ing 作状语时，其逻辑主语须与主句主语一致
• -ing 的否定形式是 not doing（不是 don’t doing）
• 独立主格结构中 -ing 的逻辑主语与主句主语不同

选必1 Unit 4 Body Language¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. -ing 形式作主语
   - Crossing your arms can mean defensiveness.
   - Smiling is a universal sign of friendliness.

2. -ing 形式作宾语
   - I enjoy watching people’s body language.
   - He avoided making eye contact.

3. It is no use doing — 做……没用
   - It is no use crying over spilt milk.

三、语法要点¶

-ing 形式作主语和宾语¶

-ing 作主语：
- Reading books is a good habit.
- It is no good worrying about the past.（it 作形式主语）

-ing 作宾语：

介词后接 doing：
- He is good at singing.
- Thank you for helping me.
- be used to / look forward to / object to（to 为介词）

四、写作指导¶

说明文——身体语言与文化：
- 定义身体语言的概念与分类
- 举例说明不同文化的差异
- 分析身体语言的交际功能
- 强调跨文化理解的必要性

五、易错点提醒¶

• 有些动词后只能接 doing（enjoy, finish, avoid），有些只能接 to do（decide, hope, agree）
• to 在 look forward to/be used to/object to 中是介词，后接 doing
• -ing 作主语时谓语动词用单数

选必1 Unit 5 Working the Land¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. -ed 形式作状语
   - Given more time, he would have finished the experiment.
   - Exhausted after a day’s work, he fell asleep quickly.

2. -ing 形式作状语（对比）
   - Knowing the importance of agriculture, he devoted his life to farming research.

3. Not only… but also…（倒装）
   - Not only did he improve crop yields, but he also helped reduce poverty.

三、语法要点¶

-ed 与 -ing 作状语对比¶

选择 -ing 还是 -ed：
- 与主句主语是主动关系 → -ing
- 与主句主语是被动关系 → -ed

四、写作指导¶

关于农业与粮食问题的作文要点：
- 阐述粮食安全的紧迫性
- 介绍农业科技创新的贡献
- 分析面临的挑战（人口、土地、气候）
- 提出可持续发展建议

五、易错点提醒¶

• -ed 形式作状语表被动和完成，-ing 表主动和进行
• having done 强调动作发生在主句动作之前
• devoted to / devoted oneself to 中 to 是介词

选必2 Unit 1 Science and Scientist¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 过去完成时 — had + 过去分词
   - By the time he arrived, the meeting had already ended.
   - She realized she had left her keys at home.

2. It was not until… that… — 直到……才
   - It was not until he tested the theory that he found the truth.

3. No sooner… than… / Hardly… when… — 一……就
   - No sooner had he arrived than the phone rang.

三、语法要点¶

过去完成时¶

结构： had + 过去分词

常见时间标志： by the time, by the end of, before, after, when, until

四、写作指导¶

科学发现/实验报告写作要点：
- 背景：介绍科学问题与研究动机
- 过程：描述研究方法与步骤
- 发现：呈现实验结果与数据
- 结论：总结科学发现的意义

五、易错点提醒¶

• 过去完成时必须有明确的过去时间参照点
• be to blame 用主动形式表被动含义
• No sooner/Hardly 置于句首时主句需部分倒装

选必2 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 现在完成进行时 — has/have + been + doing
   - He has been traveling around the world for two years.
   - They have been working on this project since January.

2. Not only… but also…
   - This country is not only famous for its wildlife but also for its beaches.

3. What引导的主语从句
   - What impressed me most was the Great Barrier Reef.

三、语法要点¶

现在完成进行时¶

结构： has/have been + 现在分词

现在完成时 vs 现在完成进行时：

四、写作指导¶

旅游目的地介绍写作要点：
- 概述地理位置与特色
- 介绍标志性景点/动物
- 推荐特色活动与体验
- 提供旅行实用建议

五、易错点提醒¶

• 静态动词（know, believe, belong）一般不用进行时
• 现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，不强调完成
• migrate（迁徙）与 emigrate（移居国外）/immigrate（移入）区别

选必2 Unit 3 Food and Culture¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 过去完成时被动语态 — had + been + 过去分词
   - The dish had been prepared before the guests arrived.
   - By the time we got there, the restaurant had been closed.

2. It is/was said that… — 据说
   - It is said that this dish dates back to the Tang Dynasty.

3. Not until… did… — 直到……才（倒装）
   - Not until I visited Sichuan did I understand the appeal of spicy food.

三、语法要点¶

过去完成时被动语态¶

结构： had been + 过去分词

四、写作指导¶

饮食文化作文要点：
- 介绍地方特色菜肴与食材
- 分析饮食与地域文化的关系
- 对比不同地区饮食差异
- 探讨健康饮食理念

五、易错点提醒¶

• consist of 不可用被动（不可以说 is consisted of）
• regardless of 后面不能接句子，要接名词或 doing
• quantity（数量）与 quality（质量）拼写相似但含义完全不同

选必2 Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 现在分词作伴随状语
   - They traveled across the country, enjoying the spectacular scenery.
   - Looking out of the window, she saw snow-capped mountains.

2. 分词的完成式 having done
   - Having arrived at the station, they bought their tickets.

3. as 引导时间状语从句
   - As the train moved northward, the temperature dropped.

三、语法要点¶

现在分词综合应用¶

现在分词的七种功能：

四、写作指导¶

游记写作要点：
- 按旅程路线或时间展开
- 详写印象深刻的场景
- 穿插个人感受与思考
- 使用生动的描写性语言

五、易错点提醒¶

• 现在分词作伴随状语不能用 being doing 形式
• having done 表示分词动作先于主句谓语动词
• scenery 是不可数名词，不可加 a/复数

选必2 Unit 5 First Aid¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 虚拟语气 if 从句
   - If I were you, I would learn first aid.（与现在事实相反）
   - If he had known first aid, he could have saved the boy.（与过去事实相反）
   - If it should rain tomorrow, we would cancel the trip.（对将来的假设）

2. If 的省略与倒装
   - Were I you, I would call an ambulance.
   - Had he known, he would have acted differently.

3. It is essential that + (should) do — ……是必须的
   - It is essential that everyone (should) know basic first aid.

三、语法要点¶

虚拟语气——if 条件从句¶

if 省略时的倒装：
- Were I you = If I were you
- Had I known = If I had known
- Should it rain = If it should rain

错综时间虚拟语气：
- If I had taken the medicine yesterday, I would be fine now.（从句过去，主句现在）

四、写作指导¶

说明文——急救指南写作要点：
- 明确急救场景与目标
- 步骤清晰，按顺序编号
- 语言简洁准确，突出关键动作
- 附注注意事项与禁忌

五、易错点提醒¶

-虚拟语气中 be 动词所有人均用 were
- if 省略倒装时不可用 did/didn’t，需用 were/had/should
- suggest/order/demand 等动词后的 that 从句也用虚拟语气 (should + do)

AI生成

高中英语·高二上册知识点全梳理¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教版必修第三册整理

学习内容概览¶

Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 情态动词表推测
   - It may/might rain tomorrow.（可能/也许）
   - He can’t/couldn’t be at home now.（不可能）

2. No matter + wh- / wh-ever 引导让步状语从句
   - No matter what festival it is, people always find a reason to celebrate.
   - Wherever you go, you can find unique local traditions.

3. It is believed that… — 人们认为……
   - It is believed that the festival dates back over 2,000 years.

三、语法要点¶

情态动词（一）¶

情态动词表推测的程度：
- must（一定）> will（很可能）> should（应该）> may/might（可能）> can’t（不可能）

四、写作指导¶

节日描写写作要点：
- 介绍节日名称、时间、起源
- 描述庆祝活动与习俗细节
- 说明节日意义与文化内涵
- 表达个人感受或评价

五、易错点提醒¶

• can 表推测多用于否定句和疑问句（can’t = 不可能）
• may not（可能不）与 can’t（不可能）程度不同
• shall 用于第一人称征求意见，用于二三人称表命令/警告

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. ought to 表应该 — 语气比 should 稍强
   - You ought to keep your promise.
   - He ought not to have done that.

2. must vs have to
   - You must wear a uniform.（主观必要/规定）
   - I have to wear glasses.（客观需要）

3. should have done — 本应该做（但没做）
   - You should have told me earlier.

三、语法要点¶

情态动词（二）¶

情态动词 + have done（表对过去的推测/评价）：

四、写作指导¶

道德故事写作要点：
- 人物：简洁介绍主人公及性格
- 冲突：描述道德困境或选择
- 转折：呈现人物的决定与行动
- 启示：点明故事的道德寓意

五、易错点提醒¶

• must（主观必要）与 have to（客观需要）的区别：must 无时态变化，have to 有人称和时态变化
• needn’t have done（本不必做但做了）与 didn’t need to do（不需要做且没做）的区别
• ought to 的否定形式是 ought not to（不是 don’t ought to）

Unit 3 Diverse Cultures¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. it 作形式主语
   - It is important to understand different cultures.
   - It is said that the city has over 100 ethnic groups.

2. it 作形式宾语
   - I find it exciting to learn about different traditions.

3. 强调句型 It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who
   - It was in San Francisco that I first experienced diverse cultures.

三、语法要点¶

it 的用法¶

四、写作指导¶

文化介绍写作要点：
- 介绍文化背景与历史
- 展示多元文化的具体表现
- 分析文化交流的意义
- 呼吁尊重与包容

五、易错点提醒¶

• 强调句的判断方法：去掉 It is/was…that/who 后句子仍完整
• it 作形式主语和强调句结构相似但功能不同
• diverse（adj. 多样的）与 diversity（n. 多样性）词性不同

Unit 4 Space Exploration¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 不定式作定语
   - He is the first man to walk on the moon.
   - I have a lot of work to do.

2. 不定式作状语
   - He went to the USA to study astronomy.（目的状语）
   - He was too excited to speak.（结果状语）

3. There is no need to do — 没必要做
   - There is no need to worry about the result.

三、语法要点¶

动词不定式¶

不定式作定语：
- He has a lot of homework to finish.
- She is the best person to ask for help.
- 注意：被修饰的名词与不定式之间有逻辑上的主谓/动宾关系

不定式作状语：

不定式的被动形式：
- to be done（被动）：The problem remains to be solved.
- to have done（完成式）：He is said to have written three books.

四、写作指导¶

科幻写作要点：
- 构想合理的太空场景与技术设定
- 设计有冲突的情节
- 使用科学术语但保持可读性
- 结尾可设置悬念或反思

五、易错点提醒¶

• 不定式作定语时，如果不定式是不及物动词，需加介词：a room to live in
• too…to… 结构中 too 后接形容词/副词，to 后接动词原形
• 不定式的完成式 to have done 表示动作发生在谓语动词之前

Unit 5 The Value of Money¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 不定式作宾补
   - I want you to help me with this project.
   - The boss told him to finish the report by Friday.

2. 不定式作主语
   - To be honest is the best policy.
   - It is hard to say whether money brings happiness.

3. would rather + do — 宁愿做
   - I would rather stay at home than go out.

三、语法要点¶

不定式作宾补和主语¶

不定式作宾补（宾语补足语）：

否定形式： not to do
- I told him not to be late.

不定式作主语：
- To master a foreign language requires patience.（直接作主语）
- It is important to learn to manage money.（it 作形式主语）

四、写作指导¶

戏剧/剧本写作要点：
- 以对话为主要形式
- 舞台说明用括号或斜体标注
- 每个角色语言风格鲜明
- 注意冲突的构建与情节推进

五、易错点提醒¶

• make 后接不带 to 的不定式作宾补：make sb. do（但被动语态需还原 to：be made to do）
• would rather 后接动词原形，不接 to do
• hesitate 的名词形式是 hesitation（不是 hesitance）

AI生成

高中英语·高一下册知识点全梳理¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教版必修第二册整理

学习内容概览¶

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. There is no doubt that… — 毫无疑问……
   - There is no doubt that cultural heritage should be protected.

2. Not only… but also…（倒装用法）
   - Not only does the project protect the temple, but it also promotes tourism.

3. It takes sb. time/money to do sth.
   - It took the committee five years to restore the ancient temple.

三、语法要点¶

限制性 vs 非限制性定语从句¶

whose 在非限制性定语从句中：
- Mr. Wang, whose son is studying abroad, teaches us English.

which 指代整个句子：
- He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.

四、写作指导¶

文化遗产保护类作文要点：
- 背景：描述文化遗产现状与威胁
- 重要性：阐述保护的意义
- 措施：提出具体保护建议
- 呼吁：号召大家参与

五、易错点提醒¶

• 非限制性定语从句中不可使用 that
• which 引导非限制性定语从句可指代前面整个句子
• preserve（保护使不受损）与 reserve（保留储备）含义不同

Unit 2 Wildlife Protection¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 现在进行时被动语态 — be + being + 过去分词
   - The forest is being destroyed by illegal logging.
   - More wildlife reserves are being established across the country.

2. It is high time that + 主语 + 过去式/should do — 是时候……了
   - It is high time that we took action to protect endangered species.

3. Only + 状语 + 部分倒装
   - Only by working together can we save these beautiful animals.

三、语法要点¶

现在进行时被动语态¶

结构： am/is/are + being + 过去分词

对比四种被动形式：

四、写作指导¶

倡议书写作要点：
- 标题醒目，点明主题
- 开头指出问题严重性
- 主体分条提出具体倡议行动
- 结尾富有感染力的呼吁

五、易错点提醒¶

• affect（v. 影响）与 effect（n. 效果）易混淆
• adapt to（适应）与 adopt（收养/采纳）形近意异
• be being done 结构中 being 不可省略

Unit 3 The Internet¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 现在完成时被动语态 — has/have + been + 过去分词
   - Personal information has been stolen by hackers.
   - Many websites have been updated to improve security.

2. With 复合结构 — with + 宾语 + 宾补
   - With the Internet developing rapidly, our life has changed greatly.

3. The more… the more… — 越……越……
   - The more time you spend online, the less time you have for real life.

三、语法要点¶

现在完成时被动语态¶

结构： has/have + been + 过去分词

被动语态使用要点：
- 只有及物动词才有被动语态
- 带双宾语的动词变为被动时，可用直接或间接宾语作主语
- 含宾补的句子变被动，宾补变主补

四、写作指导¶

博客写作要点：
- 标题吸引眼球
- 第一人称视角，语气亲切
- 分段清晰，可使用小标题
- 结尾互动邀请评论

五、易错点提醒¶

• has been done 强调”已完成”，has been being done 强调”一直在进行”（较少用）
• convenient 主语通常为事物而非人
• privacy（n. 隐私）与 private（adj. 私人的）词性不同

Unit 4 History and Traditions¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 过去分词作定语
   - The temple built in the Ming Dynasty is a famous landmark.
   - The book written by him is very popular.

2. 过去分词作状语
   - Surrounded by mountains, the village is very beautiful.
   - Given more time, we could have done better.

3. as 引导方式状语从句
   - Do in Rome as the Romans do.（入乡随俗）

三、语法要点¶

过去分词（-ed 形式）¶

过去分词作定语：
- 单个过去分词前置：a broken glass, a written report
- 过去分词短语后置：the novel written by Lu Xun

过去分词作状语：

-ing vs -ed 区别：
- exciting（令人兴奋的，修饰物） vs excited（感到兴奋的，修饰人）
- The match was exciting. / The fans were excited.

四、写作指导¶

历史文化介绍写作要点：
- 按时间顺序或空间顺序展开
- 突出文化特色与历史意义
- 引用历史人物名言增强说服力
- 客观准确，避免主观臆断

五、易错点提醒¶

• belong to 不可用被动语态，也不可用进行时
• remain 作系动词时后接形容词/名词：The problem remains unsolved.
• gifted（有天赋的）与 present（礼物）不要混淆

Unit 5 Music¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 过去分词作宾补 — have/get/make/find + 宾语 + 过去分词
   - I had my guitar repaired yesterday.
   - She found herself surrounded by fans.

2. 过去分词作表语
   - He was excited about the concert.
   - The door remained closed.

3. 虚拟语气 wish + 过去完成时 — 表过去遗憾
   - I wish I had learned to play the piano when I was young.

三、语法要点¶

过去分词作宾补和表语¶

过去分词作宾补（宾语补足语）：

过去分词作表语：
- The students are interested in the lecture.
- She looked disappointed at the news.
- 注意：此处过去分词已形容词化，表状态而非被动动作。

四、写作指导¶

音乐主题作文要点：
- 可写音乐与情感/生活的关系
- 描述个人音乐经历时注意细节
- 恰当使用音乐术语
- 结尾升华主题：音乐的力量与意义

五、易错点提醒¶

• have sth. done（让某事被做/遭遇某事）与 have sb. do（让某人做）结构不同
• be absorbed in 中 in 为介词，后接名词或 doing
• audience 为集合名词，作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数，取决于是否强调整体

AI生成

高中英语·高一上册知识点全梳理¶

依据《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教版必修第一册整理

学习内容概览¶

Unit 1 Teenage Life¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. prefer to do A rather than do B — 宁愿做A而不愿做B
   - I prefer to read books rather than watch TV.

2. find + it + adj. + to do — 发现做某事……
   - Many freshmen find it difficult to adapt to high school life.

3. suggest + that从句(should + 动词原形) — 建议……
   - I suggest that you (should) join a club to make new friends.

三、语法要点¶

名词短语（Noun Phrases）¶

名词短语由”限定词+形容词+名词”构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。

• The tall boy in the classroom is our monitor.
• He bought a very interesting book about history.

构词法——派生法¶

• 前缀：re- (rewrite), un- (unhappy), dis- (disagree)
• 后缀：-tion (education), -ment (movement), -able (comfortable), -ful (useful)

四、写作指导¶

建议信写作要点：
- 开头：表明写信目的，说明了解对方困境
- 主体：提出具体建议（使用 First… Second… Finally… 等衔接词）
- 结尾：表达期望与鼓励

范文框架：
Dear …, I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble with … Here are some suggestions. First, … Second, … Finally, … I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Yours, …

五、易错点提醒¶

• prefer 的过去式需双写 r：preferred（不是 prefered）
• be addicted to 中 to 为介词，后接名词或 doing
• suggest 表示”建议”时，从句用虚拟语气(should + do)；但 suggest 表示”暗示”时不用虚拟语气

Unit 2 Travelling Around¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. be + 现在分词 + 将来时间 — 现在进行时表将来（已安排好的计划）
   - I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
   - We are flying to Shanghai next week.

2. It is amazing that… — ……令人惊叹
   - It is amazing that the ancient city still looks so beautiful.

3. not only… but also… — 不但……而且……
   - You can not only enjoy the scenery but also learn about the culture.

三、语法要点¶

现在进行时表将来¶

表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位移类动词。

常见动词：go, come, leave, arrive, fly, start, travel, stay, move 等。

四、写作指导¶

旅游手册/旅行攻略写作要点：
- 介绍目的地概况（地理位置、特色）
- 推荐必去景点与活动
- 提供实用建议（交通、住宿、最佳旅行时间）
- 语言生动，吸引读者

五、易错点提醒¶

• amazing（令人惊叹的，修饰物）与 amazed（感到惊叹的，修饰人）的区别
• arrive at（小地点）与 arrive in（大地点）的搭配区别
• now that（既然）= since，引导原因状语从句

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 反意疑问句结构 — 前肯后否，前否后肯
   - You like sports, don’t you?
   - He can’t swim, can he?

2. It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who… — 强调句
   - It was his determination that led him to success.

3. make + 宾语 + 宾补 — 使……成为
   - Sports make us strong and healthy.

三、语法要点¶

反意疑问句¶

基本规则： 前肯后否，前否后肯，时态和人称保持一致。

四、写作指导¶

演讲稿写作要点：
- 开头：引人注意的问候与引入
- 主体：分层次论述观点，用事例支撑
- 结尾：有力总结，呼吁行动

五、易错点提醒¶

• give up 后接 doing，不接 to do
• compare A with B（把A与B比较）与 compare A to B（把A比作B）的区别
• 反意疑问句中，few/little/never/hardly/seldom 等否定词出现时，附加问句用肯定形式

Unit 4 Natural Disasters¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 定语从句 that/which/who
   - The earthquake that struck the city caused great damage.
   - The rescue team who arrived first saved many lives.

2. It seemed as if… — 似乎……
   - It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.

3. leave + 宾语 + 宾补（形容词/分词）
   - The flood left many people homeless.

三、语法要点¶

定语从句（一）——that/which/who¶

关系代词用法对照：

只用 that 的情况：
- 先行词被最高级修饰：This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
- 先行词是不定代词：Is there anything that I can do for you?
- 先行词被 the only/the very 修饰：This is the only book that I need.

四、写作指导¶

新闻报道写作要点：
- 标题简洁，概括事件
- 导语（首段）包含5W（Who/What/When/Where/Why）
- 主体段落详述经过与影响
- 结尾交代后续救援或影响

五、易错点提醒¶

• 定语从句中关系代词作宾语可省略，但介词后不可省
• that 和 which 都可指物，但非限制性定语从句中只能用 which
• strike 的过去式为 struck，过去分词为 struck

Unit 5 Languages Around the World¶

一、核心词汇与短语¶

二、核心句型¶

1. 定语从句 where/when/whose/why
   - This is the city where I was born.
   - I remember the day when I first came to this school.
   - The boy whose father is a teacher speaks English well.

2. Even though/Though 引导让步状语从句
   - Even though it was raining, we still went hiking.

3. No matter + 疑问词
   - No matter how difficult it is, I will never give up learning English.

三、语法要点¶

定语从句（二）——关系副词与介词+关系代词¶

关系副词：

whose 的用法（表所属关系）：
- The writer whose novel I am reading will give a speech tomorrow.

介词 + which/whom：
- The house in which he lives is very old. (= where)
- The person to whom I spoke is our principal. (= whom)

四、写作指导¶

说明文写作——语言学习经历/建议：
- 按时间线或逻辑顺序组织内容
- 使用举例和对比说明方法
- 注意衔接词的使用

五、易错点提醒¶

• where 可替换为 in/at/on + which，但不可替换为 that
• whose 既可指人也可指物：the book whose cover is red
• 介词 + which/whom 中，介词的选择取决于从句的动词搭配（如 look at → at which）

AI生成

高中数学·高三下册知识点全梳理（高考总复习）¶

依据《普通高中数学课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》及人教A版教材整理

学习内容概览¶