依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教版PEP小学英语五年级下册教材整理
| 单元 |
单元主题 |
核心知识点 |
| Unit 1 |
My day |
日常活动短语、When do you…?/What do you do…?句型 |
| Unit 2 |
My favourite season |
季节词汇、Which season do you like best?/Why…?句型 |
| Unit 3 |
My school calendar |
月份词汇、When is…?/It’s in…句型 |
| Unit 4 |
When is the art show? |
序数词1st-31st、When is…?/It’s on…句型 |
| Unit 5 |
Whose dog is it? |
物主代词、Whose…is this/are these?句型 |
| Unit 6 |
Work quietly! |
公共场所规则短语、现在进行时What is…doing?句型 |
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| do morning exercises |
做早操 |
v. |
do morning exercises at 6:00 |
| eat breakfast |
吃早饭 |
v. |
eat breakfast at 7:00 |
| have English class |
上英语课 |
v. |
have English class on Monday |
| play sports |
做运动 |
v. |
play sports in the afternoon |
| eat dinner |
吃晚饭 |
v. |
eat dinner with family |
| morning |
早上 |
n. |
in the morning |
| afternoon |
下午 |
n. |
in the afternoon |
| evening |
晚上 |
n. |
in the evening |
| weekend |
周末 |
n. |
on the weekend |
| usually |
通常 |
adv. |
I usually get up at 6. |
| often |
经常 |
adv. |
I often read books. |
| sometimes |
有时 |
adv. |
Sometimes I watch TV. |
| go shopping |
去购物 |
v. |
go shopping on Saturdays |
| go for a walk |
散步 |
v. |
go for a walk after dinner |
| clean my room |
打扫房间 |
v. |
clean my room on Sunday |
| take a dancing class |
上舞蹈课 |
v. |
take a dancing class on Saturdays |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| When do you get up? |
你什么时候起床? |
询问做某事的时间,回答用 at + 时间 |
| I often get up at 7 o’clock. |
我经常七点起床。 |
at + 整点表示具体时间 |
| What do you do on the weekend? |
你周末做什么? |
询问周末活动 |
| I usually go shopping. |
我通常去购物。 |
用频率副词描述习惯 |
| When do you finish class in the morning? |
你们上午什么时候下课? |
询问结束时间 |
| We finish class at 1 o’clock. |
我们一点下课。 |
主语为we时动词用原形 |
- When do you…? 句型:询问做某事的时间。助动词 do 用于第一/二人称和复数,第三人称单数用 does(When does he get up?)
- 第三人称单数:主语为 he/she/it 或单数名词时,动词加 -s/-es。如 plays, goes, watches, does, studies。规则:一般加 -s;以 s/x/sh/ch/o 结尾加 -es;辅音字母+y 变 y 为 i 加 -es
- 频率副词位置:always/usually/often/sometimes 放在实义动词前。I usually get up at 6.(不是 get usually up)
- 辅音字母组合 pl 和 gr 的发音:
- pl /pl/:plate, play, please, plus, plane, plant
- gr /gr/:green, group, grass, grow, grape, grandma
- cl /kl/:clean, class, clock, clever, clothes, cloudy
- 第三人称单数变化:he goes(不是 go),she watches(不是 watch),it studies(不是 studys)
- “在周末”用 on the weekend,”在早上/下午/晚上”用 in the morning/afternoon/evening
- 具体时间点用 at:at 7 o’clock, at 6:30
- 频率副词放在动词前:I often play sports.(不是 play often)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| spring |
春天 |
n. |
in spring |
| summer |
夏天 |
n. |
in summer |
| autumn |
秋天 |
n. |
in autumn(美式英语用 fall) |
| winter |
冬天 |
n. |
in winter |
| season |
季节 |
n. |
four seasons |
| pick apples |
摘苹果 |
v. |
pick apples in autumn |
| go on a picnic |
去野餐 |
v. |
go on a picnic in spring |
| make a snowman |
堆雪人 |
v. |
make a snowman in winter |
| go swimming |
去游泳 |
v. |
go swimming in summer |
| plant trees |
植树 |
v. |
plant trees in spring |
| eat ice cream |
吃冰淇淋 |
v. |
eat ice cream in summer |
| why |
为什么 |
adv. |
Why do you like summer? |
| because |
因为 |
conj. |
Because I can swim. |
| favourite |
最喜欢的 |
adj. |
my favourite season |
| leaf |
树叶 |
n. |
复数 leaves |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| Which season do you like best? |
你最喜欢哪个季节? |
询问最喜欢的季节 |
| I like summer best. |
我最喜欢夏天。 |
回答用 like…best |
| Why do you like summer? |
你为什么喜欢夏天? |
询问喜欢的原因 |
| Because I can swim in the lake. |
因为我可以在湖里游泳。 |
用 because 引导原因 |
| What’s your favourite season? |
你最喜欢的季节是什么? |
另一种问法 |
| Spring is green with flowers and songs. |
春天是绿色的,有花有歌。 |
描述季节特点 |
- Which…do you like best? 句型:询问”最喜欢哪一个”,回答用 I like…best
- Why…? / Because… 句型:Why 引导特殊疑问句,Because 引导原因状语从句,注意 because 不与 so 同时使用
- can + 动词原形:Because I can swim.(can 后接原形,不加 to)
- 字母组合 br 和 gr 的发音:
- br /br/:brown, library, brother, breakfast, bread, break
- gr /gr/:green, grass, grow, grade, grape, grandma
- 对比练习:br 发 /br/,gr 发 /gr/,注意区分
- autumn 和 fall 都是”秋天”,英国多用 autumn,美国常用 fall
- leaf 的复数是 leaves(f 变 v 加 es),不是 leafs
- because 和 so 不能同时使用:Because I can swim.(不能说 Because…so…)
- season 前不加 the:I like spring.(不说 the spring,但可说 in the spring)
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| January |
一月 |
n. |
in January(缩写 Jan.) |
| February |
二月 |
n. |
in February(缩写 Feb.) |
| March |
三月 |
n. |
in March(缩写 Mar.) |
| April |
四月 |
n. |
in April(缩写 Apr.) |
| May |
五月 |
n. |
in May |
| June |
六月 |
n. |
in June(缩写 Jun.) |
| July |
七月 |
n. |
in July(缩写 Jul.) |
| August |
八月 |
n. |
in August(缩写 Aug.) |
| September |
九月 |
n. |
in September(缩写 Sept.) |
| October |
十月 |
n. |
in October(缩写 Oct.) |
| November |
十一月 |
n. |
in November(缩写 Nov.) |
| December |
十二月 |
n. |
in December(缩写 Dec.) |
| calendar |
日历 |
n. |
a school calendar |
| party |
聚会 |
n. |
a birthday party |
| trip |
旅行 |
n. |
a school trip |
| contest |
比赛 |
n. |
a singing contest |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| When is the party? |
聚会是什么时候? |
询问活动时间 |
| It’s in April. |
在四月。 |
介词 in + 月份 |
| When is your birthday? |
你的生日是什么时候? |
询问生日 |
| My birthday is in May. |
我的生日在五月。 |
回答用 in + 月份 |
| What will you do for your mum? |
你会为妈妈做什么? |
询问将来的计划 |
| I’ll cook noodles for her. |
我会为她煮面条。 |
I’ll = I will |
- When is…? / It’s in… 句型:in + 月份表示”在某月”。注意 this Unit 用 in(月份),Unit 4 用 on(具体日期)
- 月份首字母大写:January, February…,缩写如 Jan., Feb., Sept.
- will 的初步感知:will + 动词原形表示将来。I’ll = I will. What will you do?
- 辅音字母组合 ch 和 sh 的发音:
- ch /tʃ/:China, chicken, lunch, teacher, chair, cheap
- sh /ʃ/:sheep, fish, shirt, wash, short, share
- 注意区分 ch /tʃ/ 和 sh /ʃ/
- 月份首字母必须大写:January(不能写 january)
- “在某月”用介词 in:in May(不用 on May)
- September 缩写是 Sept.(4个字母,其他月份缩写一般为3个字母)
- February 的拼写和发音 /ˈfebruəri/,注意有两个 r
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| first (1st) |
第一 |
num. |
on May 1st |
| second (2nd) |
第二 |
num. |
on the 2nd floor |
| third (3rd) |
第三 |
num. |
the third day |
| fourth (4th) |
第四 |
num. |
the fourth lesson |
| fifth (5th) |
第五 |
num. |
on May 5th |
| twelfth (12th) |
第十二 |
num. |
on Dec. 12th |
| twentieth (20th) |
第二十 |
num. |
on the 20th |
| twenty-first (21st) |
第二十一 |
num. |
on Jan. 21st |
| thirtieth (30th) |
第三十 |
num. |
on the 30th |
| special |
特别的 |
adj. |
a special day |
| kitten |
小猫 |
n. |
a little kitten |
| diary |
日记 |
n. |
keep a diary |
| fur |
毛皮 |
n. |
white fur |
| open |
睁开/打开 |
v. |
open their eyes |
| walking |
走路 |
n. |
still walking |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| When is the art show? |
美术展是什么时候? |
询问具体日期 |
| It’s on May 1st. |
在五月一日。 |
on + 具体日期 |
| When is your birthday? |
你的生日是什么时候? |
询问生日(具体日期) |
| My birthday is on April 4th. |
我的生日在四月四日。 |
on + 月+日 |
| What do you usually do on your birthday? |
你生日通常做什么? |
询问生日活动 |
| The kittens are six days old. |
小猫出生六天了。 |
描述年龄 |
- 序数词的构成:第一至第三为特殊变化(first, second, third),其余在基数词后加 -th。注意第五 fifth、第八 eighth、第九 ninth、第十二 twelfth 的特殊拼写
- 序数词缩写:1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd…
- in 和 on 的区别:in + 月份(in May);on + 具体日期(on May 1st)
- 21st, 22nd, 23rd 的构成:twenty-first → 21st,个位是 1/2/3 时用 st/nd/rd
- 字母组合 th 的两种发音:
- /θ/(清辅音,咬舌):three, thin, maths, third, thirsty, thirty, month
- /ð/(浊辅音,咬舌):that, this, there, father, mother, brother, they
- 注意发音时舌尖要放在上下齿之间
- 序数词特殊拼写:fifth(不是 fiveth),eighth(不是 eightth),ninth(不是 nineth),twelfth(不是 twelveth)
- “在某月某日”用 on:on May 1st(不是 in May 1st)
- 20以上的序数词:twenty → twentieth(y 变 i 加 eth),但 21st 是 twenty-first(不是 twenty-oneth)
- on May 1st 读作 on May the first
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| mine |
我的 |
pron. |
It’s mine. |
| yours |
你的/你们的 |
pron. |
This is yours. |
| his |
他的 |
pron. |
The book is his. |
| hers |
她的 |
pron. |
The bag is hers. |
| ours |
我们的 |
pron. |
These are ours. |
| theirs |
他们的 |
pron. |
The toys are theirs. |
| my |
我的 |
pron. |
my book(形容词性) |
| your |
你的 |
pron. |
your pen(形容词性) |
| his |
他的 |
pron. |
his dog(形容词性) |
| her |
她的 |
pron. |
her cat(形容词性) |
| our |
我们的 |
pron. |
our classroom(形容词性) |
| their |
他们的 |
pron. |
their teacher(形容词性) |
| dog |
狗 |
n. |
a lovely dog |
| picture |
图片 |
n. |
a picture of Beijing |
| climbing |
攀爬 |
v. |
is climbing |
| eating |
吃 |
v. |
is eating |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| Whose dog is this? |
这是谁的狗? |
询问单数物品归属 |
| It’s his dog. / It’s his. |
这是他的狗。/ 这是他的。 |
两种回答方式 |
| Whose rabbits are these? |
这些是谁的兔子? |
询问复数物品归属 |
| They’re theirs. |
是他们的。 |
用名词性物主代词回答 |
| Is this yours? |
这是你的吗? |
一般疑问句 |
| Yes, it’s mine. |
是的,是我的。 |
肯定回答 |
- 形容词性物主代词 vs 名词性物主代词:
- 形容词性(后面接名词):my, your, his, her, our, their → my book
- 名词性(后面不接名词,单独使用):mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs → It’s mine.
- Whose…is this? / Whose…are these?:单数用 is this,复数用 are these。Whose 询问”谁的”
- his 的双重性:his 既是形容词性也是名词性物主代词(This is his book. / This book is his.)
- 字母组合 ng 和 nk 的发音:
- ng /ŋ/:long, sing, ring, young, morning, thing, song, wrong
- nk /ŋk/:think, pink, ink, tank, bank, drink, thank
- /ŋ/ 是后鼻音,舌根抵住软腭
- 名词性物主代词后不加名词:It’s mine.(不能说 It’s mine book.)
- 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词:This is my book.(不能单独说 This is my.)
- hers 不能写成 her’s(名词性物主代词不加撇号)
- his 既是形容词性也是名词性,但 her(形容词性)和 hers(名词性)不同
- Whose(谁的)和 Who’s(谁是)发音相同但意思不同
| 英文 |
中文 |
词性 |
用法/搭配 |
| talk quietly |
小声说话 |
v. |
talk quietly in the library |
| keep to the right |
靠右走 |
v. |
keep to the right on the stairs |
| keep your desk clean |
保持桌面整洁 |
v. |
keep your desk clean |
| take turns |
按顺序/轮流 |
v. |
take turns to read |
| work quietly |
安静工作 |
v. |
work quietly in class |
| eating lunch |
吃午饭 |
v. |
is eating lunch |
| reading a book |
看书 |
v. |
is reading a book |
| listening to music |
听音乐 |
v. |
is listening to music |
| doing morning exercises |
做早操 |
v. |
is doing exercises |
| having English class |
上英语课 |
v. |
is having class |
| bamboo |
竹子 |
n. |
eat bamboo |
| its |
它的 |
pron. |
its tail |
| show |
展览/给…看 |
n./v. |
a dog show |
| anything |
任何事物 |
pron. |
anything else? |
| 句型 |
中文意思 |
用法说明 |
| What is she doing? |
她在做什么? |
询问正在进行的动作(第三人称) |
| She is reading a book. |
她正在看书。 |
用现在进行时回答 |
| What are they doing? |
他们在做什么? |
询问复数主语的动作 |
| They are eating lunch. |
他们正在吃午饭。 |
are + doing |
| What is the little monkey doing? |
小猴子在做什么? |
询问动物正在做什么 |
| It’s playing with its mother. |
它在和妈妈玩。 |
it’s = it is |
- 现在进行时:表示正在发生的动作。结构:be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing
- I am reading. / He is reading. / They are reading.
- 动词 ing 的构成:一般加 -ing(read→reading);以不发音 e 结尾去 e 加 -ing(make→making, write→writing);重读闭音节双写末尾辅音字母加 -ing(run→running, swim→swimming, sit→sitting)
- 祈使句表达规则:动词原形开头。Talk quietly.(小声说话。) Keep to the right.(靠右走。)否定用 Don’t + 动词原形
- 辅音字母组合 wh 的发音:
- wh 多数发 /w/:what, when, where, white, why, whale
- wh 在 o 前发 /h/:who, whose, whom, whole
- 注意区分 what /wɒt/ 和 who /huː/
- 现在进行时 be 动词不能遗漏:She is reading.(不能说 She reading.)
- 动词 ing 拼写:running(双写n),swimming(双写m),making(去e)
- “它的”用 its(无撇号),it’s = it is(有撇号,意为”它是”)
- take turns(轮流)中 turns 用复数,不加 the
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